CSIRO Publishing blank image blank image blank image blank imageBooksblank image blank image blank image blank imageJournalsblank image blank image blank image blank imageAbout Usblank image blank image blank image blank imageShopping Cartblank image blank image blank image You are here: Journals > Australian Journal of Botany   
Australian Journal of Botany
Journal Banner
  Southern Hemisphere Botanical Ecosystems
 
blank image Search
 
blank image blank image
blank image
 
  Advanced Search
   

Journal Home
About the Journal
Editorial Board
Contacts
Content
Online Early
Current Issue
Just Accepted
All Issues
Special Issues
Turner Review Series
Sample Issue
For Authors
General Information
Notice to Authors
Submit Article
Open Access
For Referees
Referee Guidelines
Review Article
Annual Referee Index
For Subscribers
Subscription Prices
Customer Service
Print Publication Dates

blue arrow e-Alerts
blank image
Subscribe to our Email Alert or RSS feeds for the latest journal papers.

red arrow Connect with us
blank image
facebook   youtube

red arrow PrometheusWiki
blank image
PrometheusWiki
Protocols in ecological and environmental plant physiology

 

Article << Previous     |     Next >>   Contents Vol 60(5)

Ploidy stability of somatic embryo-derived plants in two ecological keystone sedge species (Lepidosperma laterale and L. concavum, Cyperaceae)

Andrea Kodym A D, Eva M. Temsch B, Eric Bunn C and John Delpratt A

A Melbourne School of Land and Environment, The University of Melbourne, Burnley Campus, Richmond, Vic. 3121, Australia.
B Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
C Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority, Fraser Avenue, West Perth, WA 6005, Australia.
D Corresponding author. Email: akodym@unimelb.edu.au

Australian Journal of Botany 60(5) 396-404 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/BT12025
Submitted: 1 February 2012  Accepted: 20 April 2012   Published: 11 July 2012


 
PDF (718 KB) $25
 Export Citation
 Print
  
Abstract

We report on the development of a somatic embryogenesis system for Lepidosperma concavum R.Br. and L. laterale R.Br. and the determination of ploidy stability of plants derived from somatic embryos. These keystone Lepidosperma species cannot currently be returned to restoration sites because of propagation difficulties (i.e. seed dormancy, low seed fill and recalcitrance to vegetative propagation). Three explant types (in vitro-germinated seedlings, immature seed and immature inflorescences) were used for the assessment of callus production potential. Embryogenic callus was induced and multiplied on 1/2MS medium with 2,4-D either alone, or in combination with zeatin. Over 90% of seedling explants of L. laterale produced regenerative calli after 6 weeks and 53% of seedling explants of L. concavum produced calli after 16 weeks on media containing 2,4-D and zeatin. Inflorescence material appeared to be least responsive. High rates of conversion to plants were achieved on medium containing activated charcoal, followed by thidiazuron medium. Acclimatisation success of plants ranged from 86% to 95%. Acclimatised plants grew vigorously under standard nursery conditions. The DNA ploidy level of 486 somatic embryogenesis-derived plantlets was analysed by flow cytometry. Only one plant (=0.2% of all plantlets tested) was found mixoploid. All other plants showed a stable ploidy level and stable C-values within the species. There was a small but significant C-value difference between the two Lepidosperma species. Five variegated plants (=0.3%) were observed among a total of ~1600 plants acclimatised. The application of tissue culture techniques such as somatic embryogenesis brings large-scale production of Lepidosperma plants for revegetation and horticultural purposes closer to commercial feasibility.



References

Bairu MW, Aremu AO, Van Staden J (2011) Somaclonal variation in plants: causes and detection methods. Plant Growth Regulation 63, 147–173.
CrossRef | CAS |

Barow M, Jovtchev G (2007) Endopolyploidy in plants and its analysis by flow cytometry. In ‘Flow cytometry with plant cells’. (Eds J Dolezel, J Greilhuber, J Suda) pp. 349–372. (Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany)

Barrett RL (2007a) New species of Lepidosperma (Cyperaceae) associated with banded ironstone in southern Western Australia. Nuytsia 17, 37–60.

Barrett RL (2007b) Lepidosperma gahnioides, a new species of Cyperaceae from the Ravensthorpe region, Western Australia. Nuytsia 17, 61–66.

Barrett RL, Wilson KL (2012) A review of the genus Lepidosperma (Cyperaceae : Schoeneae). Australian Systematic Botany 25,
CrossRef | CAS |

Benazir JF, Mathithumilan B, Ravichandran P, Jochebed V, Suganthi R, Manimekalai V (2009) In vitro regeneration of mat sedge (Cyperus pangorei). Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology 18, 208–215.

De la Puente R, Gonzalez AI, Ruiz ML, Polanco C (2008) Somaclonal variation in rye (Secale cereale) analyzed using polymorphic and sequenced AFLP markers. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology. Plant 44, 419–426.
CrossRef | CAS |

de Lange PJ, Murray BG, Datson PM (2004) Contributions to a chromosome atlas of the New Zealand flora – 38. Counts for 50 families. New Zealand Journal of Botany 42, 873–904.
CrossRef |

Dolezel J, Bartos J, Voglmayr H, Greilhuber J (2003) Nuclear DNA content and genome size of trout and human. Cytometry 51A, 127–128.

Ecology Australia (2009) ‘Southern brown bandiccot strategic management plan for the former Koo WeeRup Swamp Area.’ (Ecology Australia: Melbourne)

Galbraith DW, Harkins KR, Maddox JM, Ayres NM, Sharma DP, Firoozabady E (1983) Rapid flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in intact plant tissues. Science 220, 1049–1051.
CrossRef | CAS |

Hodgon J, Bruhl JJ, Wilson KL (2006) Systematic studies in Lepidosperma (Cyperaceae: Schoeneae) with particular reference to L. laterale. Australian Systematic Botany 19, 273–288.
CrossRef |

Huang WJ, Ning GG, Liu GF, Bao MZ (2009) Determination of genetic stability of long-term micropropagated plantlets of Platanus acerifolia using ISSR markers. Biologia Plantarum 53, 159–163.
CrossRef |

Jain SM (2001) Micropropagation of selected somaclones of Begonia and Saintpaulia. Journal of Biosciences 22, 582–592.

Jin S, Mushke R, Zhu H, Tu L, Lin Z, Zhang Y, Zhang X (2008) Detection of somaclonal variation of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) using cytogenetics, flow cytometry and molecular markers. Plant Cell Reports 27, 1303–1316.
CrossRef | CAS |

Koch JM (2007) Restoring a jarrah forest understorey vegetation after bauxite mining in Western Australia. Restoration Ecology 15, 26–39.
CrossRef |

Kodym A, Turner S, Delpratt J (2010) In situ seed development and in vitro regeneration of three difficult-to-propagate Lepidosperma species (Cyperaceae). Australian Journal of Botany 58, 107–114.
CrossRef |

Leal F, Loureiro J, Rodriguez E, Pais MS, Santos C, Pinto-Carnide O (2006) Nuclear DNA content of Vitis vinifera cultivars and ploidy level analyses of somatic embryo-derived plants obtained from anther culture. Plant Cell Reports 25, 978–985.
CrossRef | CAS |

Mallon R, Rodriguez-Oubina J, Luz Gonzalez M (2010) In vitro propagation of the endangered plant Centaurea ultreiae: assessment of genetic stability by cytological studies, flow cytometry and RAPD analysis. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 101, 31–39.
CrossRef |

Melbourne Water (2011) ‘Healthy waterways, rain gardens.’ Available at http://raingardens.melbournewater.com.au/ [Verified 25 October 2011]

Murashige T, Skoog F (1962) A revised medium for rapid growth and bio-assays with tobacco callus culture. Physiologia Plantarum 15, 473–497.
CrossRef | CAS |

Otto F, Oldiges H, Göhde W, Jain VK (1981) Flow cytometric measurement of nuclear DNA content variations as a potential in vivo mutagenicity test. Cytometry 2, 189–191.
CrossRef | CAS |

Panaia M, Bunn E, McComb J (2011) Primary and repetitive secondary somatic embryogenesis of Lepidosperma drummondii (Cyperaceae) and Baloskion tetraphyllum (Restionaceae) for land restoration and horticulture. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology. Plant 47, 379–386.
CrossRef |

Pierik RLM (1987) Somaclonal variation. In ‘In vitro culture of higher plants’. pp. 231–238. (Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, The Netherlands)

Pinto DLP, de Almeida Barros B, Viccini LF, de Campos JMS, da Silva ML, de Campos WC (2010) Ploidy stability of somatic embryogenesis-derived Passiflora cincinnata Mast. plants as assessed by flow cytometry. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 103, 71–79.
CrossRef |

Plummer JA (2009) A new image from Western Australia for coastal gardens in Mediterranean-type climates. Acta Horticulturae 813, 91–94.

Rani V, Raina SN (2000) Genetic fidelity of organized meristems-derived micropropagated plants: a critical reappraisal. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology. Plant 36, 319–330.
CrossRef | CAS |

Rogers S (2003) Tissue culture and wetland establishment of the freshwater monocots Carex, Juncus, Scirpus and Typha. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology. Plant 39, 1–5.
CrossRef |

Rossetto M, Dixon KD, Meney KA, Bunn E (1992) In vitro propagation of Chinese puzzle (Caustis dioica Cyperaceae) – A commercial sedge species from Western Australia. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 30, 65–67.
CrossRef | CAS |

Sarasan V, Cripps R, Ramsay MM, Atherton C, McMichen M, Prendercast C, Rowntree JK (2006) Conservation in vitro of threatened plants – progress in the past decade. In Vitro Cell Biology – Plant 42, 206–214.

Shen X, Chen J, Kane ME, Henny RJ (2007) Assessment of somaclonal variation in Dieffenbachia plants regenerated through indirect shoot organogenesis. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 91, 21–27.
CrossRef |

Suda J, Krahulcova A, Travnicek P, Krahulec F (2006) Ploidy level versus DNA ploidy level: an appeal for consistent terminology. Taxon 55, 447–450.
CrossRef |

Temsch EM, Greilhuber J, Krisai R (2010) Genome size in liverworts. Preslia 82, 63–80.

Vanhecke L (1974) Embryography of some genera of the Cladiinae and the Gahniinae (Cyperaceae) with additional notes on their fruit anatomy. Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique 44, 367–400.
CrossRef |

Wang J, Seliskar DM, Gallagher JL (2004) Plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis in the brackish wetland monocot Scirpus robustus. Aquatic Botany 79, 163–174.
CrossRef | CAS |

Webber J, Johnston ME, Wearing AH (2003) High irradiance increases organogenesis in friable callus of Caustis blakei (Cyperaceae). In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology. Plant 39, 139–141.
CrossRef |

Willyams D (2005) Tissue culture of geophytic rush and sedge species for revegetation of bauxite mine sites in the northern jarrah forest of Western Australia. In ‘Contributing to a sustainable future’. Proceedings of the Australian Branch of the IAPTC&B, Perth, WA, 21–24 September 2005. (Eds IJ Bennett, E Bunn, H Clarke, JA McComb) pp. 226–241.

Wilson KL (1994) Lepidosperma. In ‘Flora of Victoria. Vol. 2’. (Eds NG Walsh, T Entwistle) p. 261. (Inkata Press: Melbourne)

Yang XM, An LZ, Xiong YC, Zhang JP, Li Y, Xu SJ (2008) Somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryos and monitoring the genetic fidelity of regenerated plants in grapevine. Biologia Plantarum 52, 209–214.
CrossRef | CAS |


   
Subscriber Login
Username:
Password:  

 
    
Legal & Privacy | Contact Us | Help

CSIRO

© CSIRO 1996-2013