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Development of Calendula Oil/Chitosan Microcapsules and their Biological Safety Evaluation
Pik Ling
Lam A,
Marcus Chun Wah
Yuen A,
Chi Wai
Kan A,
Raymond Siu Ming
Wong B,
Gregory Yin Ming
Cheng B,
Kim Hung
Lam C,
Roberto
Gambari D F,
Stanton Hon Lung
Kok E F and
Chung Hin
Chui A B F
A
Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
B
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
C
Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
D
Bio-Pharma Net, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
E
School of Biomedical Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
F
Corresponding authors. Email: chchui@graduate.hku.hk; stanton@cuhk.edu.hk; gam@unife.it
Australian Journal of Chemistry
65(1)
72-80 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/CH11386
Submitted: 4 October 2011 Accepted: 17 November 2011 Published:
19
January
2012
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Abstract
Chitosan microcapsules containing calendula oil are prepared by a simple coacervation method. The results show that the performance of the microcapsules, including encapsulation efficiency and particle size, is affected by the change of various processing parameters of microcapsule manufacture. Under the optimal parameter combinations: the chitosan concentration is 1.5 % w/v; the core/wall ratio is 0.1 g mL–1; the stirring speed is 1200 rpm; and the pH value is 10. The compositions and surface morphology of the microcapsules are examined using scanning electron microscope and FTIR spectroscopy. The in vitro cytotoxicity evaluation demonstrates that the microcapsules exhibit no significant cytotoxic effects on human keratinocytes. The in vivo toxicology analysis on mice proves that the microcapsules do not exert any significant necrosis to the liver. It is suggested that our microcapsules could be used as a safe drug carrier both topically and orally. 
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