CSIRO Publishing blank image blank image blank image blank imageBooksblank image blank image blank image blank imageJournalsblank image blank image blank image blank imageAbout Usblank image blank image blank image blank imageShopping Cartblank image blank image blank image You are here: Journals > Functional Plant Biology   
Functional Plant Biology
Journal Banner
  Plant Function & Evolutionary Biology
 
blank image Search
 
blank image blank image
blank image
 
  Advanced Search
   

Journal Home
About the Journal
Editorial Board
Contacts
Content
Online Early
Current Issue
Just Accepted
All Issues
Special Issues
Research Fronts
Reviews
Evolutionary Reviews
Sample Issue
For Authors
General Information
Notice to Authors
Submit Article
Open Access
For Referees
Referee Guidelines
Review Article
For Subscribers
Subscription Prices
Customer Service
Print Publication Dates

blue arrow e-Alerts
blank image
Subscribe to our Email Alert or RSS feeds for the latest journal papers.

red arrow Connect with us
blank image
facebook   youtube

red arrow PrometheusWiki
blank image
PrometheusWiki
Protocols in ecological and environmental plant physiology

 

Article << Previous     |     Next >>   Contents Vol 39(5)

Water loss from leaf mesophyll stripped of the epidermis

Martin Canny A

Plant Science Division, Research School of Biology, RN Robertson Building, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Email: martin.canny@anu.edu.au

Functional Plant Biology 39(5) 421-434 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/FP11265
Submitted: 28 November 2011  Accepted: 22 March 2012   Published: 9 May 2012


 
PDF (1.6 MB) $25
 Supplementary Material
 Export Citation
 Print
  
Abstract

Water vapour flux (rate of water loss) from the mesophyll of isolated Agapanthus praecox Willd. leaf pieces without an epidermis was investigated by loss of mass into unstirred air at relative humidities (RHs) of 0.993–0.850, compared with the rate from a water atmometer (rate of evaporation). The point at which relative evaporation (RE, the rate of water loss divided by the rate of evaporation) reaches <1 inadequately identifies the onset of mesophyll regulation because values >1 were found. For RHs of 0.993–0.967, RE varied in daily cycles from 0.6 to ~3, with a period of ~24 h, maxima at mid-afternoon, minima at or near dawn. For RH < 0.950, the cycles were suppressed. An initial rate of RE ≈1.2, RE declined towards zero. In leaf pieces supplied with water via vascular strands (rate of transpiration), the daily cycle persisted down to RH 0.850, where maximal RE ≈ 2. Transpiration from one surface of field leaves gave the rate of transpiration in the same range. These data require the maximum RE for each vapour pressure deficit as the value identifying the onset of mesophyll regulation (possibly by aquaporins), which produces cyclic changes in the rates of water loss and transpiration. At RH < 0.95, the decline of RE below 1 is probably regulated by cell wall water status. Possible functions of the two types of regulation are discussed.

Additional keywords: aquaporins, cell wall regulation, circadian rhythm, leaf intercellular relative humidity, mesophyll regulation, water reference atmometer.


References

Ackerson RC, Krieg R (1977) Stomatal and nonstomatal regulation of water use in cotton, corn, and sorghum. Plant Physiology 60, 850–853.
CrossRef | CAS |

Ackerson RC, Krieg DR, Haring CL, Chang N (1977) Effects of plant water status on stomatal activity, photosynthesis, and nitrate reductase activity of field grown cotton. Crop Science 17, 81–84.
CrossRef | CAS |

Bange GGJ (1953) On the quantitative explanation of stomatal transpiration. Acta Botanica Neerlandica 2, 255–257.
| CAS |

Bierhuizen JF, Slatyer RO, Rose CW (1965) A porometer for laboratory and field operation. Journal of Experimental Botany 16, 182–191.
CrossRef |

Canny MJ, Huang CX (2006) Leaf water content and palisade cell size. New Phytologist 170, 75–85.
CrossRef | CAS |

Canny MJ, Wong CS, Huang CX, Miller C (2011) Differential shrinkage of mesophyll cells in transpiring cotton leaves: implications for static and dynamic pools of water, and for water transport pathways. Functional Plant Biology 39, 91–102.
CrossRef |

Cochard H, Venisse J-S, Barigah TS, Brunel N, Herbette S, Guillot A, Tyree MT, Saki S (2007) Putative role of aquaporins in variable hydraulic conductance of leaves in response to light. Plant Physiology 143, 122–133.
CrossRef | CAS |

Cowan IR, Milthorpe FL (1968) Plant factors influencing the water status of plant tissues. In ‘Water deficits and plant growth. Vol. 1’ (Ed. TT Kozlowski) pp. 137–193. (Academic Press: New York)

Darwin F, Pertz DMM (1911) On a new method of estimating the aperture of stomata. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character 84, 136–154.
CrossRef |

England WE, McCully ME, Huang CX (1997) Solvent vapour lock: an extreme case of the problems caused by lignified and suberized cell walls during resin infiltration. Journal of Microscopy 185, 85–93.
CrossRef | CAS |

Farquhar GD, Raschke K (1978) On the resistance to transpiration of the sites of evaporation within the leaf. Plant Physiology 61, 1000–1005.
CrossRef | CAS |

Fischer RA (1968) Resistance to water loss in the mesophyll of leek (Allium porrum). Journal of Experimental Botany 19, 135–145.
CrossRef |

Frank AB, Power JF, Willis WO (1973) Effect of temperature and plant water stress on photosynthesis, diffusion resistance, and leaf water potential in spring wheat. Agronomy Journal 65, 777–780.
CrossRef |

Gale J, Poljakoff-Mayber A, Kahane I (1967) The gas diffusion porometer technique and its application to the measurement of leaf mesophyll resistance. Israel Journal of Botany 16, 187–204.

Hagemeyer J, Waisel Y (1983) An endogenous circadian rhythm of transpiration in Tamarix aphylla. Physiologia Plantarum 70, 133–138.
CrossRef |

Hultquist JH (1973) Photosynthesis and resistance to water loss as related to maturity stage in grain sorghum. Proceedings of the 8th Biennial Program of Grain Sorghum Research Utility Conference, pp. 80–83.

Jarvis PG, Slatyer RO (1970) The role of the mesophyll cell wall in leaf transpiration. Planta 90, 303–322.
CrossRef |

Jones HG, Higgs KH (1980) Resistance to water loss from the mesophyll cell surface in plant leaves. Journal of Experimental Botany 31, 545–553.
CrossRef |

Jones HG, Norton TA (1979) Internal factors controlling the rate of evaporation from fronds of some intertidal algae. New Phytologist 83, 771–781.
CrossRef |

Kaldenhoff R, Ribas-Carbo MK, Sans JF, Lovisolo C, Heckwolf M, Uehlein N (2008) Aquaporins and plant water balance. Plant, Cell & Environment 31, 658–666.
CrossRef | CAS |

Klemm G (1956) Untersuchungen über den Transpirationswiderstand der Mesophyllmembranen und seine Bedeutung als Regulator für die stomatäre Transpiration. Planta 47, 547–587.
CrossRef |

Livingston BE (1935) Atmometers of porous porcelain and paper, their use in physiological ecology. Ecology 16, 438–472.
CrossRef |

Livingston BE, Brown WH (1912) Relation of the daily march of transpiration to variations in the water content of foliage leaves. Botanical Gazette (Chicago, Ill.) 53, 309–330.
CrossRef |

Maximov NA (1929) ‘The plant in relation to water’ Transl. R.H. Yapp. (George Allen and Unwin: London)

McCully ME, Canny MJ, Huang CX (2009) Cryo-scanning electron microscopy (CSEM) in the advancement of functional plant biology. Morphological and anatomical applications. Functional Plant Biology 36, 97–124.
CrossRef |

McCully ME, Canny MJ, Huang CX, Miller C, Brink F (2010) Cryo-scanning electron microscopy (CSEM) in the advancement of functional plant biology: energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (CEDX) applications. Functional Plant Biology 37, 1011–1040.
CrossRef |

Nardini A, Salleo S, Andri S (2005) Circadian regulation of leaf hydraulic conductance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv Margot). Plant, Cell & Environment 28, 750–759.
CrossRef | CAS |

Nobel PS (1991) ‘Physicochemical and environmental plant physiology’. (Academic Press: New York)

Pearce JN, Nelson AF (1932) The vapour pressures of aqueous solutions of lithium nitrate and the activity coefficients of some alkali salts in solutions of high concentration at 25°. Journal of Physical Chemistry 54, 3544–3555.
| CAS |

Roderick ML, Canny MJ (2005) A mechanical interpretation of pressure chamber measurements – what does the strength of the squeeze tell us? Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 43, 323–336.
CrossRef | CAS |

Sack L, Holbrook NM (2006) Leaf hydraulics. Annual Review of Plant Biology 57, 361–381.
CrossRef | CAS |

Scheidegger C, Günthardt-Georg M, Matyssek R, Hatvani P (1991) Low-temperature scanning electron microscopy of birch leaves after exposure to ozone. Journal of Microscopy 161, 85–95.
| CAS |

Scholz F (1974) Zum Prinzip des Wassertransports in Kiefernadeln. Biochemie und Physiologie der Pflanzen 165, 253–263.

Scoffoni C, Pou A, Aasamaa K, Sack L (2008) The rapid light response of leaf hydraulic conductance: new evidence from two experimental methods. Plant, Cell & Environment 31, 1803–1812.
CrossRef |

Shane MW, McCully ME, Canny MJ (2000) Architecture of branch-root junctions in maize: structure of the connecting xylem and the porosity of pit membranes. Annals of Botany 85, 613–624.
CrossRef |

Skaar Ch, Siau JF (1981) Thermal diffusion of bound water in wood. Wood Science and Technology 15, 105–112.
CrossRef |

Slavik B (1958) The influence of water deficit on transpiration. Planta 11, 524–536.
CrossRef |

Sresnevski BJ (1905) On evaporation from the surface of the human body and from plants. Proceedings of the 2nd Climatological and Hydrological Congress, St. Petersburg 1, 311–333.

Stålfelt MG (1932) Der stomatäre Regulation in der pflanzlichen Transpiration. Planta 17, 23–85.

Stålfelt MG (1956) Die cuticuläre Transpiration. In ‘Encyclopedia of plant physiology. Vol. III.’ Ed.W Ruhland, pp. 342–350. (Springer-Verlag: Berlin) [In German]

Stamm AJ (1959) Bound water diffusion into wood in the fiber direction. Forest Products Journal 9, 27–32.
| CAS |

Stamm AJ (1964) ‘Wood and cellulose science’. (Ronald Press: New York).

Turrell FM (1936) The area of the internal exposed surface of dicotyledon leaves. American Journal of Botany 23, 255–264.
CrossRef |

Voicu MC, Zwiazek JJ, Tyree MT (2008) Light response of hydraulic conductance in bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) leaves. Tree Physiology 28, 1007–1015.
CrossRef | CAS |

Voicu MC, Cooke JEK, Zwiazek JJ (2009) Aquaporin gene expression and apoplastic water flow in bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa) leaves in relation to the light response of leaf hydraulic conductance. Journal of Experimental Botany 60, 4063–4075.
CrossRef | CAS |

Weyers JDB, Travis AJ (1981) Selection and preparation of leaf epidermis for experiments on stomatal physiology. Journal of Experimental Botany 32, 837–850.
CrossRef |

Whitelaw-Weckert MA, Whitelaw ES, Rogiers SY, Quirk L, Clark AC, Huang CX (2011) Bacterial inflorescence rot of grapevine caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. Plant Pathology 60, 325–337.
CrossRef | CAS |


   
Subscriber Login
Username:
Password:  

 
    
Legal & Privacy | Contact Us | Help

CSIRO

© CSIRO 1996-2013