Register      Login
Australian Journal of Primary Health Australian Journal of Primary Health Society
The issues influencing community health services and primary health care
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Developing professional education for primary healthcare providers about nutrition

Catherine J. Lucas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9826-0382 A C , Anne T. McMahon B and Karen E. Charlton A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.

B School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.

C Corresponding author. Email: cjl623@uowmail.edu.au

Australian Journal of Primary Health 25(6) 534-538 https://doi.org/10.1071/PY19075
Submitted: 6 April 2019  Accepted: 5 August 2019   Published: 19 November 2019

Abstract

Nutrition care is an important component of primary health care as a way to promote positive lifestyle behaviours and reduce risks of chronic disease. Despite this, it appears that primary healthcare settings, including antenatal care, miss opportunities to deliver nutrition care. Time constraints, lack of nutrition knowledge and lack of confidence have been identified as barriers for primary healthcare providers in delivering nutrition care. Nutrition training to upskill primary healthcare providers to deliver nutrition care in a timely manner therefore appears warranted. This forum article discusses models and methods of continuing professional development (CPD) and the effectiveness of nutrition CPD for primary healthcare professionals. It includes a case study as an example of developing nutrition CPD for midwives using adult learning theory and concludes with implications for developing nutrition education resources for primary healthcare providers.


References

Australian Bureau of Statistics (2017) 4364.0.55.002 – Australian health survey: health service usage and health related actions, 2011–12. (ABS: Canberra, ACT, Australia) Available at http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/F758234080C6F33BCA257B39000F296E?opendocument [Verified 12 June 2017]

Australian Health Ministers’ Advisory Council (2012) Clinical practice guidelines: antenatal care – module 1. (Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing: Canberra, ACT, Australia) Available at https://consultations.health.gov.au/phd-tobacco/clinical-practice-guidelines-antenatal-care-module/supporting_documents/ANC_Guidelines_Mod1FINAL%20D13871243.PDF [Verified 6 November 2019]

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2016) Primary health care in Australia. AIHW, Canberra, ACT, Australia.

Ball LE, Leveritt MD (2015) Development of a validated questionnaire to measure the self-perceived competence of primary health professionals in providing nutrition care to patients with chronic disease. Family Practice 32, 706–710.
Development of a validated questionnaire to measure the self-perceived competence of primary health professionals in providing nutrition care to patients with chronic disease.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 26415817PubMed |

Ball L, Johnson C, Desbrow B, Leveritt M (2013) General practitioners can offer effective nutrition care to patients with lifestyle-related chronic disease. Journal of Primary Health Care 5, 59–69.
General practitioners can offer effective nutrition care to patients with lifestyle-related chronic disease.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 23457696PubMed |

Ball L, Desbrow B, Leveritt M (2014) An exploration of individuals’ preferences for nutrition care from Australian primary care health professionals. Australian Journal of Primary Health 20, 113–120.
An exploration of individuals’ preferences for nutrition care from Australian primary care health professionals.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 23428232PubMed |

Basu A, Kennedy L, Tocque K, Jones S (2014) Eating for 1, healthy and active for 2; feasibility of delivering novel, compact training for midwives to build knowledge and confidence in giving nutrition, physical activity and weight management advice during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 14, 218
Eating for 1, healthy and active for 2; feasibility of delivering novel, compact training for midwives to build knowledge and confidence in giving nutrition, physical activity and weight management advice during pregnancy.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 24996422PubMed |

Booth AO, Nowson CA (2010) Patient recall of receiving lifestyle advice for overweight and hypertension from their general practitioner. BMC Family Practice 11, 8
Patient recall of receiving lifestyle advice for overweight and hypertension from their general practitioner.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20113530PubMed |

Brathwaite AC, Majumdar B (2006) Evaluation of a cultural competence educational programme. Journal of Advanced Nursing 53, 470–479.
Evaluation of a cultural competence educational programme.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 16448490PubMed |

Burd EL, Smith SP, Reisman S (2015) Exploring business models for MOOCs in higher education. Innovative Higher Education 40, 37–49.
Exploring business models for MOOCs in higher education.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Cass S, Ball L, Leveritt M (2014) Australian practice nurses’ perceptions of their role and competency to provide nutrition care to patients living with chronic disease. Australian Journal of Primary Health 20, 203–208.
Australian practice nurses’ perceptions of their role and competency to provide nutrition care to patients living with chronic disease.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 23428207PubMed |

Chan BC, Jayasinghe UW, Christl B, Laws RA, Orr N, Williams A, Partington K, Harris MF (2013) The impact of a team-based intervention on the lifestyle risk factor management practices of community nurses: outcomes of the Community Nursing Snap Trial. BMC Health Services Research 13, 54
The impact of a team-based intervention on the lifestyle risk factor management practices of community nurses: outcomes of the Community Nursing Snap Trial.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 23394573PubMed |

Crowley J, Ball L, Wall C, Leveritt M (2012) Nutrition beyond drugs and devices: a review of the approaches to enhance the capacity of nutrition care provision by general practitioners. Australian Journal of Primary Health 18, 90–95.
Nutrition beyond drugs and devices: a review of the approaches to enhance the capacity of nutrition care provision by general practitioners.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 22551828PubMed |

Dang TM, Maggio LA (2017) Supporting the call to action: a review of nutrition educational interventions in the health professions literature and MedEdPORTAL. Academic Medicine 92, 403–416.
Supporting the call to action: a review of nutrition educational interventions in the health professions literature and MedEdPORTAL.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 28225733PubMed |

DiMaria-Ghalili RA, Mirtallo JM, Tobin BW, Hark L, Van Horn L, Palmer CA (2014) Challenges and opportunities for nutrition education and training in the health care professions: intraprofessional and interprofessional call to action. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 99, 1184S–1193S.
Challenges and opportunities for nutrition education and training in the health care professions: intraprofessional and interprofessional call to action.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 24646823PubMed |

Halcomb E, Moujalli S, Griffiths R, Davidson P (2007) Effectiveness of general practice nurse interventions in cardiac risk factor reduction among adults. International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare 5, 269–295.

Kala S, Isaramalai SA, Pohthong A (2010) Electronic learning and constructivism: a model for nursing education. Nurse Education Today 30, 61–66.
Electronic learning and constructivism: a model for nursing education.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19573956PubMed |

Kantar L (2014) Incorporation of constructivist assumptions into problem-based instruction: a literature review. Nurse Education in Practice 14, 233–241.
Incorporation of constructivist assumptions into problem-based instruction: a literature review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 24094690PubMed |

Katsikitis M, McAllister M, Sharman R, Raith L, Faithfull-Byrne A, Priaulx R (2013) Continuing professional development in nursing in Australia: current awareness, practice and future directions. Contemporary Nurse 45, 33–45.
Continuing professional development in nursing in Australia: current awareness, practice and future directions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 24099224PubMed |

Kolb D (1984) ‘Experiential Learning: Experience as the Source of Learning and Development.’ (Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, MI, USA)

Lucas C, Charlton K, Yeatman H (2014) Nutrition advice during pregnancy: do women receive it and can health professionals provide it? Maternal and Child Health Journal 18, 2465–2478.
Nutrition advice during pregnancy: do women receive it and can health professionals provide it?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 24748213PubMed |

Lucas CJ, Lyell E, Koch B, Elder V, Cummins L, Lambert S, McMahon AT, Charlton KE (2019) Feasibility of face-to-face and online learning methods to provide nutrition education to midwives, general practice nurses and student nurses. BMJ Nutrition, Prevention and Health
Feasibility of face-to-face and online learning methods to provide nutrition education to midwives, general practice nurses and student nurses.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | in press

Madigan SM, Fleming P, Wright ME, Stevenson M, Macauley D (2014) A cluster randomised controlled trial of a nutrition education intervention in the community. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics: the Official Journal of the British Dietetic Association 27, 12–20.
A cluster randomised controlled trial of a nutrition education intervention in the community.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Mann KV (2011) Theoretical perspectives in medical education: past experience and future possibilities. Medical Education 45, 60–68.
Theoretical perspectives in medical education: past experience and future possibilities.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 21155869PubMed |

Mann K, Gordon J, MacLeod A (2009) Reflection and reflective practice in health professions education: a systematic review. Advances in Health Sciences Education: Theory and Practice 14, 595–621.
Reflection and reflective practice in health professions education: a systematic review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Marples O, Baldwin C, Weekes CE (2017) The effect of nutrition training for health care staff on learner and patient outcomes in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 106, 284–310.
The effect of nutrition training for health care staff on learner and patient outcomes in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 28539379PubMed |

Merriam SB, Bierema L (2014) ‘Adult Learning. Linking Theory and Practice.’ (Jossey-Bass: San Francisco, CA, USA)

Mitchell H, Lucas C, Chartlon KE, McMahon A (2018) Models of nutrition continuing education programs for nurses: a systematic review of the evidence. Australian Journal of Primary Health 24, 101–108.
Models of nutrition continuing education programs for nurses: a systematic review of the evidence.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 29362024PubMed |

Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (2018) Midwife standards for practice. (Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency: Canberra, ACT, Australia) Available at https://www.nursingmidwiferyboard.gov.au/Codes-Guidelines-Statements/Professional-standards/Midwife-standards-for-practice.aspx [Verified 6 November 2019]

Spahn JM, Reeves RS, Keim KS, Laguatra I, Kellogg M, Jortberg B, Clark NA (2010) State of the evidence regarding behavior change theories and strategies in nutrition counseling to facilitate health and food behavior change. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 110, 879–891.
State of the evidence regarding behavior change theories and strategies in nutrition counseling to facilitate health and food behavior change.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20497777PubMed |

Taylor DC, Hamdy H (2013) Adult learning theories: implications for learning and teaching in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 83. Medical Teacher 35, e1561–e1572.
Adult learning theories: implications for learning and teaching in medical education: AMEE Guide No. 83.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 24004029PubMed |

Williams A, Young J, Kearney L, Keogh S (2013) Improving knowledge of breastfeeding management: a practice development intervention for paediatric nurses. Neonatal, Paediatric and Child Health Nursing 16, 8–14.

Yardley S, Teunissen PW, Dornan T (2012) Experiential learning: transforming theory into practice. Medical Teacher 34, 161–164.
Experiential learning: transforming theory into practice.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 22288996PubMed |