Bipinnate acacias (Acacia subg. Phyllodineae sect. Botrycephalae) of eastern Australia are polyphyletic based on DNA sequence data
Gillian K. Brown A B D , Siti R. Ariati A B , Daniel J. Murphy B , Joseph T. H. Miller C and Pauline Y. Ladiges AA School of Botany, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic. 3010, Australia.
B Royal Botanic Gardens Melbourne, Birdwood Ave, South Yarra, Vic. 3141, Australia.
C The Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 5242, USA.
D Corresponding author. Email: browngk@unimelb.edu.au
Australian Systematic Botany 19(4) 315-326 https://doi.org/10.1071/SB05039
Submitted: 30 November 2005 Accepted: 15 May 2006 Published: 25 August 2006
Abstract
A phylogenetic analysis of Acacia subg. Phyllodineae sect. Botrycephalae, endemic to eastern Australia, is presented based on a combined dataset of ITS and ETS sequences of nrDNA. A smaller set of species was sequenced also for the cpDNA trnK region. A limited number of morphological characters was also combined with the ITS+ETS dataset for most taxa. Thirty-eight of 41 Botrycephalae species were sequenced, together with a sample of ten uninerved phyllodinous species (sect. Phyllodineae). Although these DNA regions showed limited sequence divergence, bootstrap supported nodes of the consensus ITS+ETS tree indicate that Botrycephalae as currently defined is polyphyletic. Eight bipinnate species fell outside the main clade of Botrycephalae species while seven phyllodinous species were nested within it, near the base. The few derived but homoplasious morphological characters that were discovered included: presence of appressed unicellular hairs, presence of jugary and interjugary glands, number of pinnae > 7 and the funicle half–fully encircling the seed. Section Botrycephalae requires redefinition.
Acknowledgments
We thank Stuart Gardner for technical assistance, and for Gareth Nelson for reading the manuscript. Funding was provided by ARC Linkage Grant No. LP0347206; SR Ariati is supported by an Australian Development Scholarship.
Ariati SR,
Murphy DJ,
Udovicic F, Ladiges PY
(2006) Molecular phylogeny of three groups of acacias (subgenus Phyllodineae) in arid Australia based on the internal and external spacer regions of nrDNA. Systematics and Biodiversity (in press) ,
Baldwin BG, Markos S
(1998) Phylogenetic utility of the external transcribed spacer (ETS) of 18S–26S rDNA: congruence of ETS and ITS trees of Calycadenia (Compositae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 10, 449–463.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
Bentham G
(1842) Notes on Mimoseae, with a synopsis of species. London Journal of Botany 1, 318–392.
Bentham G
(1875) Revision of the suborder Mimoseae. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 30, 335–664.
Doyle JJ, Doyle JL
(1987) A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochemical Bulletin 19, 11–15.
Guinet P,
Vassal J,
Evans CS, Maslin BR
(1980) Acacia (Mimosoideae): composition and affinities of the series Pulchellae Bentham. Botanical Journal of the Linnaean Society 80, 53–68.
Hall TA
(1999) BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95 / 98 / NT. Nucleic Acids Symposium Series 41, 95–98.
Johnson LA, Soltis DE
(1994) matK sequences and phylogenetic reconstruction in Saxifragaceae s. str. Systematic Botany 19, 143–156.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Käss E, Wink M
(1997) Molecular phylogeny of Lupinus (Leguminosae) inferred from nucleotide sequences of rbcL gene and ITS1+2 regions of rDNA. Plant Systematics and Evolution 208, 139–167.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Maslin BR, Pedley L
(1988) Patterns of distribution of Acacia in Australia. Australian Journal of Botany 36, 385–393.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Miller JT, Bayer RJ
(2001) Molecular phylogenetics of Acacia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) based on the chloroplast matK coding sequence and flanking trnK intron spacer regions. American Journal of Botany 88, 697–705.
| PubMed |
Miller JT, Bayer RJ
(2003) Molecular phylogenetics of Acacia subgenera Acacia and Aculeiferum (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) based on the chloroplast matK coding sequence and flanking trnK intron spacer regions. Australian Systematic Botany 16, 27–33.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Miller JT,
Andrew R, Bayer RJ
(2003a) Molecular phylogenetics of the Australian acacias, Acacia subg. Phyllodineae (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) based on chloroplast DNA sequences. Australian Journal of Botany 51, 167–177.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Miller JT,
Grimes J,
Murphy DJ,
Bayer RJ, Ladiges PY
(2003b) Molecular phylogenetics of the tribes Acacieae and Ingeae (Mimosoideae) based on chloroplast DNA sequences. Systematic Botany 28, 558–566.
Murphy DJ,
Udovicic F, Ladiges PY
(2000) Phylogenetic analysis of Australian Acacia (Leguminosae; Mimosoideae) by using sequence variations of an intron and two intergenic spacers of chloroplast DNA. Australian Systematic Botany 13, 745–754.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Murphy DJ,
Miller JT,
Bayer RJ, Ladiges PY
(2003) Molecular phylogeny of Acacia subgenus Phyllodineae (Mimosoideae: Leguminoseae) based on DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region. Australian Systematic Botany 16, 19–26.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Orchard AE, Maslin BR
(2005) The case for conserving Acacia with a new type. Taxon 54, 509–512.
Pedley L
(1978) A revision of Acacia Mill. in Queensland. Austrobaileya 1, 75–234.
Robinson J, Harris SA
(2000) A plastid DNA phylogeny of the genus Acacia Miller (Acacieae, Leguminoseae). Botanical Journal of the Linnaean Society 132, 195–222.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Sang T,
Crawford DJ, Stuessy TF
(1997) Chloroplast DNA phylogeny, reticulate evolution, and biogeography of Paeonia (Paeoniaceae). American Journal of Botany 84, 1120–1136.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Shaw J,
Lickey EB,
Beck JT,
Farmer SS,
Liu W,
Miller J,
Siripun KC,
Winder CT, Schilling EE
(2005) The tortoise and the hare II: relative utility of 21 noncoding chloroplast DNA sequences for phylogenetic analysis. American Journal of Botany 92, 142–166.
Sun Y,
Skinner DZ,
Liang GH, Hulbert SH
(1994) Phylogenetic analysis of Sorghum and related taxa using internal transcribed spacers of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 89, 26–32.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Taberlet P,
Gielly L,
Pautou G, Bouvet J
(1991) Universal primers for amplification of three non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA. Plant Molecular Biology 17, 1105–1109.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | PubMed |
Thiele K
(1993) The holy grail of the perfect character: the cladistic treatment of morphometric data. Cladistics 9, 275–304.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Tindale MD
(1962) A new species of the Acacia decurrens group from New South Wales. Contributions of the NSW National Herbarium 3, 127–128.
Tindale MD
(1978) Notes on Australian taxa of Acacia No. 5. Telopea 1, 371–386.
Tindale MD, Court AB
(1990) Acacia blayana, a new species from the South Coast of New South Wales (Acacia section Botrycephalae: Fabaceae). Telopea 4, 109–113.
Tindale MD, Kodela PG
(1991) Acacia tessellata, A. cangaiensis and A. dangarensis (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), three new species from northern New South Wales. Australian Systematic Botany 4, 579–589.
| Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Udovicic F, Murphy DJ
(2002) Successful DNA amplification from Acacia (Leguminosae) and other refractory Australian plants and fungi using a nested / semi-nested PCR protocol. Muelleria 16, 47–53.
