References

Andersen HE, McGaughey RJ, Reutebuch SE (2005) Estimating forest canopy fuel parameters using LIDAR data. Remote Sensing of Environment 94, 441–449.
| CrossRef |

Arroyo LA, Healey SP, Cohen WB, Cocero D, Manzanera JA (2006) Using object-oriented classification and high-resolution imagery to map fuel types in a Mediterranean region. Journal of Geophysical Research 111, G04S04
| CrossRef |

Banninger C, Almer A, Ragam H, Wimmer A, Hogg J, Xanthopoulos G, Kalabokidis K, Coelho C, Ferreira A, Domingues C, Rodrigues J, Galante M, Rego F, Maia M (2002) FIREGUARD: mapping wildland fuels and infrastructure at the management unit level with very high spatial resolution satellite imagery for fire prevention and control in Mediterranean-type landscapes. In ‘Forest Fire Research and Wildland Fire Safety’. (Ed. DX Viegas) pp. 113–126. (Millpress: Rotterdam)

Brandis K, Jacobson C (2003) Estimation of vegetative fuel loads using Landsat TM imagery in New South Wales, Australia. International Journal of Wildland Fire 12, 185–194.
| CrossRef |

Brown JK, Oberheu RD, Johnson CM (1982) Handbook for inventorying surface fuels and biomass in the interior West. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Research Station, General Technical Report INT-129. (Ogden, UT)

Chen HH, Ding ET, Cai XR, Hong W, Zhang ZY (1989) ‘Statistics Applied in Forestry.’ (Dalian Sea-transportation Press: Dalian) [in Chinese]

Deeming JE, Lancaster JW, Fosberg MA, Furman WR, Schroeder MJ (1972) The National Fire-Danger Rating System. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Research Paper RM-84. (Fort Collins, CO)

Feng ZW, Wang XK, Wu G (1999) ‘Biomass and Productivity of Forest Ecosystems in China.’ (Science Press: Beijing) [in Chinese]

Giakoumakis MN, Gitas IZ, San-Miguel J (2002) Object-oriented classification modeling for fuel type mapping in the Mediterranean, using LANDSAT TM and IKONOS imagery – preliminary results. In ‘Forest Fire Research and Wildland Fire Safety’. (Ed. DX Viegas) pp. 44–56 (Millpress: Rotterdam)

Hu HQ (2005) Predicting forest surface fuel load by using forest stand factors. Scientia Silvae Sinicae . [in Chinese] 41, 96–100.

Hu HQ, Wang Q (2005) Estimation of surface fuel load by stand factors. Journal of Northeast Forest University . [in Chinese] 33, 17–18.

Jia GJ, Burke IC, Goetz AFH, Kaufmann MR, Kindel BC (2006) Assessing spatial patterns of forest fuel using AVIRIS data. Remote Sensing of Environment 102, 318–327.
| CrossRef |

Jin S (2002) Studies on fire regime of Heilongjiang province. III: Relationships between forest fires and forest types on a large scale. Scientia Silvae Sinicae . [in Chinese] 38, 171–175.

Kayitakire F, Hamel C, Defourny P (2006) Retrieving forest structure variables based on image texture analysis and IKONOS-2 imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment 102, 390–401.
| CrossRef |

Keane RE, Mincemoyer AS, Schmidt KM, Long DG, Garner JL (2000) Mapping vegetation and fuels for fire management on the Gila National Forest Complex, New Mexico. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Research Station, General Technical Report RMRS-GTR-46-CD. (Ogden, UT)

Keane RE, Burgan R, Van Wagtendonk J (2001) Mapping wildland fuels for fire management across multiple scales: integrating remote sensing, GIS, and biophysical modeling. International Journal of Wildland Fire 10, 301–319.
| CrossRef |

Lasaponara R, Lanorte A (2007) On the capability of satellite VHR QuickBird data for fuel type characterization in fragmented landscape. Ecological Modelling 204, 79–84.
| CrossRef |

Leboeuf A, Beaudoin A, Fournier RA, Gundon L, Luther JE, Lambert MC (2007) A shadow fraction method for mapping biomass of northern boreal black spruce forests using QuickBird imagery. Remote Sensing of Environment 110, 488–500.
| CrossRef |

Liu XD, Wang Z, Zhang DS, Sun YC, Weng GS, Zhao LQ (1995) Study on fuel model of larch stand in Daxinganling Region. Forest Fire Prevention . [in Chinese] 3, 8–10.

Miller JD, Danzer SR, Watts JM, Stone S, Yool SR (2003) Cluster analysis of structural stage classes to map wildland fuels in a Madrean ecosystem. Journal of Environmental Management 68, 239–252.
| CrossRef |

Mitri GH, Gitas IZ (2006) Fire type mapping using object-based classification of Ikonos imagery. International Journal of Wildland Fire 15, 457–462.
| CrossRef |

Mitsopoulos ID, Dimitrakopoulos AP (2007) Allometric equations for crown fuel biomass of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) in Greece. International Journal of Wildland Fire 16, 642–647.
| CrossRef |

Mutlu M, Popescu SC, Stripling C, Spencer T (2008) Mapping surface fuel models using LIDAR and multispectral data fusion for fire behavior. Remote Sensing of Environment 112, 274–285.
| CrossRef |

Olson JS (1963) Energy storage and the balance of producers and decomposers in ecological systems. Ecology 44, 322–330.
| CrossRef |

Oswald BP, Fancher JT, Kulhavy DL, Reeves HC (1999) Classifying fuels with aerial photography in east Texas. International Journal of Wildland Fire 9, 109–113.
| CrossRef |

Reich RM, Lundquist JE, Bravo VA (2004) Spatial models for estimating fuel loads in the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA. International Journal of Wildland Fire 13, 119–129.
| CrossRef |

Riaño D, Chuvieco E (2002) Generation of fuel type maps from Landsat-TM images and auxiliary data in Mediterranean ecosystem. PhD thesis, Alcalá de Henares University, Alcaláde Henares, Spain.

Scott K, Oswald B, Farrish K, Unger D (2002) Fuel loading prediction models developed from aerial photographs of the Sangre de Cristo and Jemez mountains of New Mexico, USA. International Journal of Wildland Fire 11, 85–90.
| CrossRef |

Shan YL, Zhang M, Hu HQ (2005) Models for surface fuels of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests in Daxing’anling region. Journal of Northeast Forest University . [in Chinese] 33, 74–75.

Sikkink PG, Keane RE (2008) A comparison of five sampling techniques to estimate surface fuel loading in montane forests. International Journal of Wildland Fire 17, 363–379.
| CrossRef |

Skowronski N, Clark K, Nelson R, Hom J, Patterson M (2007) Remotely sensed measurements of forest structure and fuel loads in the Pinelands of New Jersey. Remote Sensing of Environment 108, 123–129.
| CrossRef |

Wang Q, Jin S (2008) Estimation of forest fuel load in Maoershan Forest using remote sensing image and stand factors. Journal of Northeast Forestry University . [in Chinese] 136, 34–36.

Zhang YP (2008) Study on the impacts of climate change on forest fires in Daxing’anling Mountains. MSc Dissertation, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China. [in Chinese]

Zhang XC, Huang ZC, Zhao HY (2003) ‘Processing of Digital Remote Sensing Images.’ (Zhejiang University Press: Hangzhou) [in Chinese]

Zhao XW (2001) Important advancement in remote sensing of forest resources. China Engineering . [in Chinese] 3, 15–25.

Zhao XW, Li CG (2001) ‘Quantitative Estimation of Forest Resources Based on 3S Technology.’ (Chinese Science and Technology Press: Beijing) [in Chinese]

Zhou YL (1991) ‘Vegetation in Daxing’anling Mountains.’ (Science Press: Beijing) [in Chinese]