Number of tillers in wheat is an easily measurable index of genotype tolerance to saline waterlogged soils: evidence from 10 large-scale field trials in India
Gyanendra Singh A K , Timothy L. Setter B F J K , Muneendra Kumar Singh C , Neeraj Kulshreshtha D , Bhupendra Narayan Singh E , Katia Stefanova F H , Bhudeva Singh Tyagi A , Jang Bahadur Singh G , Bhagwati S. Kherawat D and Edward G. Barrett-Lennard B F I
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, HR – 132 001, India.
B Grains Industry Directorate, Department of Primary Industries and Rural Development, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia.
C Breeder—Barley, Group Limagrain, Alwar, RJ – 301 004, India.
D Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, HR – 132 001, India.
E Narendra Deva University of Agriculture & Technology, Faizabad, UP – 224 001, India.
F The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
G Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station, Indore, MP – 452 001, India.
H Curtin University, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
I Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
J Corresponding author. Email: tandmsetter@bigpond.com
K Gyanendra Singh and Timothy L. Setter should be regarded as co-first authors.
Crop and Pasture Science 69(6) 561-573 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP18053
Submitted: 12 February 2018 Accepted: 13 April 2018 Published: 31 May 2018
Abstract
Over 100 wheat varieties and breeding lines from India and Australia were screened in alkaline and waterlogged soils in 10 environments over two years at one drained location and two naturally waterlogged locations in India. Mean trial grain yield was reduced up to 70% in the environments where genotypes were waterlogged for up to 15 days at the vegetative stage in alkaline soil relative to plants in drained soils. Agronomic traits (plant height, tiller number, 1000-grain weight) of genotypes were also reduced under waterlogging. At one waterlogged site, up to 68% of the genetic diversity for predicted grain yields under waterlogging could be accounted for by number of tillers (r2 = 0.41–0.68 in 2011 and 2010, respectively) and positive correlations also occurred at the second site (r2 = 0.19–0.35). However, there was no correlation between grain yields across varieties under waterlogging in any trials at the two waterlogged locations. This may have occurred because waterlogged sites differed up to 4-fold in soil salinity. When salinity was accounted for, there was a good correlation across all environments (r2 = 0.73). A physiological basis for the relationship between tillering and waterlogging tolerance is proposed, associated with crown root development. Results are compared with findings in Australia in acidic soils, and they highlight major opportunities for wheat improvement by selection for numbers of tillers when crops are waterlogged during vegetative growth.
Additional keywords: salinity, tillers, waterlogging, wheat.
References
Abrol IP, Dargan KS, Bhumbla DR (1973) Reclaiming alkali soils. Bulletin No. 2. Division of Soil Science and Agronomy, Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, India.Akaike H (1974) A new look at statistical model identification. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 19, 716–723.
| A new look at statistical model identification.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Armstrong W (1979) Aeration in higher plants. In ‘Advances in botanical research’. Vol. 7. (Ed. HW Woolhouse) pp. 225–332. (Academic Press: London)
Armstrong W, Wright EJ, Lythe S, Gaynard TJ (1985) Plant zonation and the effects of the spring-neap tidal cycle on soil aeration in a Humber salt marsh. Journal of Ecology 73, 323–339.
| Plant zonation and the effects of the spring-neap tidal cycle on soil aeration in a Humber salt marsh.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Barrett-Lennard EG (2003) The interaction between waterlogging and salinity in higher plants: causes, consequences and implications. Plant and Soil 253, 35–54.
| The interaction between waterlogging and salinity in higher plants: causes, consequences and implications.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Barrett-Lennard EG, Shabala SN (2013) The waterlogging/salinity interaction in higher plants revisited – focusing on the hypoxia-induced disturbance to K+ homeostasis. Functional Plant Biology 40, 872–882.
| The waterlogging/salinity interaction in higher plants revisited – focusing on the hypoxia-induced disturbance to K+ homeostasis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Barrett-Lennard EG, Leighton P, Buwalda F, Gibbs J, Armstrong W, Thomson CJ, Greenway H (1988) Effects of growing wheat in hypoxic nutrient solutions and of subsequent transfer to aerated solutions I. Growth and carbohydrate status of shoots and roots. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology 15, 585–598.
| Effects of growing wheat in hypoxic nutrient solutions and of subsequent transfer to aerated solutions I. Growth and carbohydrate status of shoots and roots.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Barrett-Lennard EG, van Ratingen P, Mathie MH (1999) The developing pattern of damage in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) due to the combined stress of salinity and hypoxia: experiments under controlled conditions suggest a methodology for plant selection. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, 129–136.
| The developing pattern of damage in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) due to the combined stress of salinity and hypoxia: experiments under controlled conditions suggest a methodology for plant selection.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Belford RK (1981) Response of winter wheat to prolonged waterlogging under outdoor conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge 97, 557–568.
| Response of winter wheat to prolonged waterlogging under outdoor conditions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Benjamin LR, Greenway H (1979) Effects of a range of O2 concentrations on porosity of barley roots and on their sugar and protein concentrations. Annals of Botany 43, 383–391.
| Effects of a range of O2 concentrations on porosity of barley roots and on their sugar and protein concentrations.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Broughton S, Zhou G, Teakle NL, Matsuda R, Zhou M, O’Leary RA, Colmer TD, Li C (2015) Waterlogging tolerance is associated with root porosity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Molecular Breeding 35, 27
| Waterlogging tolerance is associated with root porosity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Butler DG, Cullis BR, Gilmour AR, Gogel BJAS (2009) ‘ASReml-R reference mannual. Release 3.’ (VSN International: Hemel Hempstead, UK)
Cannell RQ, Belford RK (1982) Crop growth after transient waterlogging. Advances in drainage. In ‘Proceedings Fourth National Drainage Symposium’. December 1982, Chicago, IL. pp. 163–170. (American Society of Agricultural Engineers: St Joseph, MI, USA)
Cannell RQ, Belford RK, Blackwell PS, Govi G, Thomson RJ (1985) Effects of waterlogging on soil aeration and on root and shoot growth and yield of winter oats (Avena sativa L.). Plant and Soil 85, 361–373.
| Effects of waterlogging on soil aeration and on root and shoot growth and yield of winter oats (Avena sativa L.).Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Collaku A, Harrison SA (2002) Losses in wheat due to waterlogging. Crop Science 42, 444–450.
| Losses in wheat due to waterlogging.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Coombes NE (2002) The Reactive Tabu Search for efficient correlated experimental designs. PhD Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
CSSRI (1997) CSSRI perspective plan. (Vision-2020). Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
Cullis BR, Smith AB, Beeck C, Cowling WA (2010) Analysis of yield and oil from a series of canola breeding trials. Part II: exploring variety by environment interaction using factor analysis. Genome 53, 1002–1016.
| Analysis of yield and oil from a series of canola breeding trials. Part II: exploring variety by environment interaction using factor analysis.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Fraley AE, Raftery TB, Murphy L, Scrucca A (2012) mclust Version 4 for R, normal mixture modelling for model-based clustering, classification, and density estimation. Technical Report No. 597. Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Gilmour AR, Cullis BR, Verbyla AP (1997) Accounting for natural and extraneous variation in the analysis of field experiments. Journal of Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Statistics 2, 269–273.
| Accounting for natural and extraneous variation in the analysis of field experiments.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Khabaz-Saberi H, Setter TL, Waters I (2006) Waterlogging induces high to toxic concentrations of iron, aluminium and manganese in wheat varieties on acidic soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition 29, 899–912.
| Waterlogging induces high to toxic concentrations of iron, aluminium and manganese in wheat varieties on acidic soil.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Khabaz-Saberi H, Zed Rengel Z, Wilson R, Setter TL (2010a) Variation for tolerance to high concentration of ferrous iron (Fe2+) in Australian hexaploid wheat. Euphytica 172, 275–283.
| Variation for tolerance to high concentration of ferrous iron (Fe2+) in Australian hexaploid wheat.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Khabaz-Saberi H, Zed Rengel Z, Wilson R, Setter TL (2010b) Variation of tolerance to manganese toxicity in Australian hexaploid wheat. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 173, 103–112.
| Variation of tolerance to manganese toxicity in Australian hexaploid wheat.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Khabaz-Saberi H, Barker SJ, Rengel Z (2014) Tolerance to ion toxicities enhances wheat grain yield in acid soils prone to drought and transient waterlogging. Crop & Pasture Science 65, 862–867.
| Tolerance to ion toxicities enhances wheat grain yield in acid soils prone to drought and transient waterlogging.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Klepper B, Belford RK, Rickman RW (1984) Root and shoot development in winter wheat. Agronomy Journal 76, 117–122.
| Root and shoot development in winter wheat.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Marschner H (1986) ‘Mineral nutrition in higher plants.’ (Academic Press: London)
Ponnamperuma FN (1972) The chemistry of submerged soils. Advances in Agronomy 24, 29–96.
| The chemistry of submerged soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
R Core Team (2009) ‘R: A language and environment for statistical computing.’ (R Foundation for Statistical Computing: Vienna)
Raftery A (1986) Choosing models for cross-classification. American Sociological Review 51, 145–146.
| Choosing models for cross-classification.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Setter TL, Waters I (2003) Review of prospects for germplasm improvement for waterlogging tolerance in wheat barley and oats. Plant and Soil 253, 1–34.
| Review of prospects for germplasm improvement for waterlogging tolerance in wheat barley and oats.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Setter TL, Waters I, Sharma SK, Singh KN, Kulshreshtha N, Yaduvanshi NPS, Ram PC, Singh BN, Rane J, McDonald G, Khabaz-Saberi H, Biddulph B, Wilson R, Barclay I, McLean R, Cakir M (2009) Review of wheat improvement for waterlogging tolerance in Australia and India: The importance of anaerobiosis and element toxicities associated with different soils. Annals of Botany 103, 221–235.
| Review of wheat improvement for waterlogging tolerance in Australia and India: The importance of anaerobiosis and element toxicities associated with different soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Setter TL, Waters I, Stefanova K, Munns R, Barrett-Lennard EG (2016) Salt tolerance, date of flowering and rain affect the productivity of wheat and barley on rainfed saline land. Field Crops Research 194, 31–42.
| Salt tolerance, date of flowering and rain affect the productivity of wheat and barley on rainfed saline land.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Sharma SK, Kulshreshtha N, Kumar A, Yaduvanshi NPS, Singh M, Prasad KRK, Basak N (2018) Waterlogging effects on elemental composition of wheat genotypes in sodic soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition 41, 1252–1262.
| Waterlogging effects on elemental composition of wheat genotypes in sodic soils.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Singh SP, Setter TL (2017a) Effect of waterlogging on element concentrations, growth and yield of wheat varieties under farmers’ sodic field conditions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. India. Section B, Biological Sciences 87, 513–520.
| Effect of waterlogging on element concentrations, growth and yield of wheat varieties under farmers’ sodic field conditions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Singh SP, Setter TL (2017b) A survey of element toxicities in wheat grown in naturally waterlogged farmers’ sodic fields of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. Journal of Plant Nutrition 40, 747–753.
| A survey of element toxicities in wheat grown in naturally waterlogged farmers’ sodic fields of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Singh G, Kulshreshtha N, Singh BN, Setter TL, Singh MK, Saharan MS, Tyagi BS, Verma A, Sharma I (2014) Germplasm characterisation, association and clustering for salinity and waterlogging tolerance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 84, 1102–1110.
Singh G, Kumar P, Gupta V, Tyagi BS, Singh C, Sharma AK (2018) Multivariate approach to identify and characterise bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) germplasm for waterlogging tolerance in India. Field Crops Research 221, 81–89.
| Multivariate approach to identify and characterise bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) germplasm for waterlogging tolerance in India.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Smith AB, Cullis BR, Gilmour A (2001) The analysis of crop variety evaluation data in Australia. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Statistics 43, 129–145.
| The analysis of crop variety evaluation data in Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Stefanova KT, Smith AB, Cullis BR (2009) Enhanced diagnostics for the spatial analysis of field trials. Journal of Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Statistics 14, 392–410.
| Enhanced diagnostics for the spatial analysis of field trials.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Trought MCT, Drew MC (1980) The development of waterlogging damage in wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L.). I. Shoot and root growth in relation to changes in concentration of dissolved gases and solutes in the soil solutions. Plant and Soil 54, 77–94.
| The development of waterlogging damage in wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L.). I. Shoot and root growth in relation to changes in concentration of dissolved gases and solutes in the soil solutions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Watson ER, Lapins P, Barron RJW (1976) Effect of waterlogging on the growth, grain and straw yield of wheat, barley and oats. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 16, 114–122.
| Effect of waterlogging on the growth, grain and straw yield of wheat, barley and oats.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Yaduvanshi NPS, Setter TL, Sharma SK, Singh KN, Kulshreshtha N (2012) Influence of waterlogging on yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum), redox potentials, and concentrations of microelements in different soils in India and Australia. Soil Research 50, 489–499.
| Influence of waterlogging on yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum), redox potentials, and concentrations of microelements in different soils in India and Australia.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
Zhang X, Shabala S, Koutoulis A, Shabala L, Johnson P, Hayes D, Nichols DS, Zhou M (2015) Waterlogging tolerance in barley is associated with faster aerenchyma formation in adventitious roots. Plant and Soil 394, 355–372.
| Waterlogging tolerance in barley is associated with faster aerenchyma formation in adventitious roots.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |
