Effect of short- and long-term phosphate stress on the non-phosphorylating pathway of mitochondrial electron transport in Arabidopsis thaliana
Vivek Vijayraghavan A and Kathleen Soole A BA School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University of South Australia, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, GPO Box 2100, SA 5001, Australia.
B Corresponding author. Email: kathleen.soole@flinders.edu.au
Functional Plant Biology 37(5) 455-466 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP09206
Submitted: 4 August 2009 Accepted: 1 February 2010 Published: 30 April 2010
Abstract
Wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana L. seedlings generated in liquid culture were subjected to long- and short-term phosphate (Pi) stress to assess the response of the non-phosphorylating pathway of mitochondrial electron transport, comprising the internal (NDin) and external (NDex) non-phosphorylating NAD(P)H dehydrogenases and the alternative oxidase (AOX). Tissue Pi levels decreased but anthocyanin levels increased in both short- and long-term Pi stress. Oxidative damage was either lower or unchanged in response to short- and long-term Pi term stress. NDin and AOX capacity were elevated only in response to long-term Pi stress whereas NDex capacity was elevated only in response to short-term Pi stress. The only ND genes with elevated transcript levels in response to both short- and long-term Pi stress were Atnda2 (an NDin) and Atndb2 (an NDex). The binding site for PHR1, a transcription factor involved in the Pi stress response, was found in the promoter regions of Atnda2 and Atndb2. Results of this study indicate that a non-phosphorylating mitochondrial electron transport chain consisting of NDA2, NDB2 and AOX is synthesised to maintain respiratory electron flow through the mitochondrial electron transport chain during Pi stress.
Additional keywords: alternative oxidase, non-phosphorylating NAD(P)H dehydrogenases, oxidative stress, phosphate deprivation, reactive oxygen species.
Acknowledgement
We thank the Australian Research Council (ARC) for the Discovery Grant that funded this study.
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