Systematic review of the Australian ‘bush coconut’ genus Cystococcus (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) uncovers a new species from Queensland
Thomas L. Semple A E , Penny J. Gullan B , Christopher J. Hodgson C , Nate B. Hardy D and Lyn G. Cook A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A The University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
B Division of Evolution, Ecology & Genetics, The Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia.
C Department of Biodiversity and Biological Systematics, The National Museum of Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff, CF10 3NP, Wales, UK.
D Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
E Corresponding author. Email: thomas.semple@uqconnect.edu.au
Invertebrate Systematics 29(3) 287-312 https://doi.org/10.1071/IS14061
Submitted: 1 December 2014 Accepted: 14 February 2015 Published: 30 June 2015
Journal Compilation © CSIRO Publishing 2015 Open Access CC BY-NC-ND
Abstract
Australia houses some unusual biota (insects included), much of which is undescribed. Cystococcus Fuller (Hemiptera : Sternorrhyncha : Coccoidea : Eriococcidae) currently comprises two species, both of which induce galls exclusively on bloodwoods (Myrtaceae: Corymbia Hill & Johnson). These insects display sexual dichronism, whereby females give birth first to sons and then to daughters. Wingless first-instar females cling to their winged adult brothers and are carried out of the maternal gall when the males fly to find mates – a behaviour called intersexual phoresy. Here, we use data from two gene regions, as well as morphology and host-use of the insects, to assess the status of a previously undescribed species. We describe this newly recognised species as Cystococcus campanidorsalis, sp. nov. Semple, Cook & Hodgson, redescribe the two existing species – C. echiniformis Fuller and C. pomiformis (Froggatt), designate a lectotype for C. echiniformis, and provide the first descriptions of adult males, and nymphal males and females for the genus. We have also reinterpreted a key morphological character of the adult females. This paper provides a foundation for further work on the genus, which is widespread across northern Australia and could prove to be useful for studies on biogeography and bloodwood ecosystems.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3A9DC645-0CBC-48B0-8BD3-5ACC0E2130D1
Additional keywords: Bloodwood apple, Corymbia trachyphloia, dimorphism, eucalypt, phoresy.
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