Spatial and seasonal variability of emergent aquatic insects and nearshore spiders in a subtropical estuary
Martha J. Zapata
A B and S. Mažeika P. Sullivan A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Schiermeier Olentangy River Wetland Research Park, School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, 352 West Dodridge Street, Columbus, OH 43202, USA.
B Corresponding author. Email: zapata.22@osu.edu
Marine and Freshwater Research 70(4) 541-553 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF18130
Submitted: 26 March 2018 Accepted: 21 August 2018 Published: 12 November 2018
Abstract
Variability in the density and distribution of adult aquatic insects is an important factor mediating aquatic-to-terrestrial nutritional subsidies in freshwater ecosystems, yet less is understood about insect-facilitated subsidy dynamics in estuaries. We surveyed emergent (i.e. adult) aquatic insects and nearshore orb-weaving spiders of the families Tetragnathidae and Araneidae in a subtropical estuary of Florida (USA). Emergent insect community composition varied seasonally and spatially; densities were lower at high- than low-salinity sites. At high-salinity sites, emergent insects exhibited lower dispersal ability and a higher prevalence of univoltinism than low- and mid-salinity assemblages. Orb-weaving spider density most strongly tracked emergent insect density rates at low- and mid-salinity sites. Tetragnatha body condition was 96% higher at high-salinity sites than at low-salinity sites. Our findings contribute to our understanding of aquatic insect communities in estuarine ecosystems and indicate that aquatic insects may provide important nutritional subsidies to riparian consumers despite their depressed abundance and diversity compared with freshwater ecosystems.
Additional keywords: aquatic–terrestrial linkages, freshwater–marine ecotones, prey subsidies.
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