A semi-automatic system for high throughput phenotyping wheat cultivars in-field conditions: description and first results

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Contents Vol 39(11)

doi:10.1071/FP12065

Plant Function & Evolutionary Biology

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Protocols in ecological and environmental plant physiology

A semi-automatic system for high throughput phenotyping wheat cultivars in-field conditions: description and first results

Alexis Comar ^A ^B ^E , Philippe Burger ^C , Benoit de Solan ^A ^B , Frédéric Baret ^B , Fabrice Daumard ^C ^D and Jean-François Hanocq ^B

^A ARVALIS Institut du végétal, 3 rue Joseph et Marie Hackin, 75116 Paris, France.
^B INRA – UAPV, UMR EMMAH, Domaine Saint-Paul, Site Agroparc, 84914 Avignon, France.
^C INRA – INPT, UMR 1248 AGIR, F-31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France.
^D Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique, Equipe Fluorescence et Télédétection, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France.
^E Corresponding author. Email: alexis.comar@etd.univ-avignon.fr

Functional Plant Biology 39(11) 914-924 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/FP12065
Submitted: 27 February 2012 Accepted: 10 July 2012 Published: 20 August 2012





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Abstract

A semi-automatic system was developed to monitor micro-plots of wheat cultivars in field conditions for phenotyping. The system is based on a hyperspectral radiometer and 2 RGB cameras observing the canopy from ~1.5 m distance to the top of the canopy. The system allows measurement from both nadir and oblique views inclined at 57.5° zenith angle perpendicularly to the row direction. The system is fixed to a horizontal beam supported by a tractor that moves along the micro-plots. About 100 micro-plots per hour were sampled by the system, the data being automatically collected and registered thanks to a centimetre precision geo-location. The green fraction (GF, the fraction of green area per unit ground area as seen from a given direction) was derived from the images with an automatic segmentation process and the reflectance spectra recorded by the radiometers were transformed into vegetation indices (VI) such as MCARI2 and MTCI. Results showed that MCARI2 is a good proxy of the GF, the MTCI as observed from 57° inclination is expected to be mainly sensitive to leaf chlorophyll pigments. The frequent measurements achieved allowed a good description of the dynamics of each micro-plot along the growth cycle. It is characterised by two periods: the first period corresponding to the vegetative stages exhibits a small rate of change of VI with time; followed by the senescence period characterised by a high rate of change. The dynamics were simply described by a bilinear model with its parameters providing high throughput metrics (HTM). A variance analysis achieved over these HTMs showed that several HTMs were highly heritable, particularly those corresponding to MCARI2 as observed from nadir, and those corresponding to the first period. Potentials of such semi-automatic measurement system are discussed for in field phenotyping applications.

Additional keywords: dynamics, green fraction, heritability, hyperspectral, vegetation indices.

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