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Systematics, phylogeny and biogeography
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Phylogeny and population genetic structure of the ant genus Acropyga (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) in Papua New Guinea

Milan Janda A C E F , Pável Matos-Maraví A B , Michaela Borovanska A , Jan Zima Jr. A B , Eric Youngerman C D and Naomi E. Pierce C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Biology Centre of Czech Academy of Sciences, Branisovska 31, Ceske Budejovice, 37005, Czech Republic.

B Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 37005, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.

C Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

D Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.

E Department of Biology, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.

F Corresponding author. Email: janda@entu.cas.cz

Invertebrate Systematics 30(1) 28-40 https://doi.org/10.1071/IS14050
Submitted: 9 September 2014  Accepted: 1 November 2015   Published: 16 March 2016

Abstract

Spatial isolation and geological history are important factors in the diversification and population differentiation of species. Here we describe distributional patterns of ants in the genus Acropyga across Papua New Guinea (PNG), a highly biodiverse but little-studied region. We estimate phylogenetic relationships among currently recognised species of Acropyga and assess population genetic structure of the widespread species, A. acutiventris, across lowland areas of the island. We find that species of Acropyga present in PNG diversified during the Pliocene, between six and two million years ago. Most species now exhibit a patchy distribution that does not show a strong signal of geological history. However, the population genetic structure of the widespread species A. acutiventris has been influenced by geography, habitat association and, possibly, historical habitat fragmentation. There is a significant effect of isolation-by-distance within continuous lowland forest, and proximity to Australia has had a larger impact in structuring populations of A. acutiventris in PNG than has the Central Papuan Cordillera. This study is the first to describe population genetic patterns of an ant species in Papua New Guinea.


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