The impact of changes in generic concepts as a result of changes in philosophy and methodology associated with phylogenetic systematics on the taxonomy of Australian mosses is discussed. It is concluded that, while phylogenetic systematics has already had a significant impact on the taxonomy of Australian mosses, many taxonomic changes that have occurred in recent years are the result of an enormous taxonomic backlog that is being gradually eliminated. The relative impact of phylogenetic systematics is expected to increase in coming years.