Environmental Context. Lake Vostok is a large subglacial lake trapped below the East Antarctic ice sheet. The meteoric ice from deep Vostok ice cores has been used to document the climatic history of the Earth over hundreds of millennia, while the deeper part of the core preserves some basal rock fragments. These rock fragments represent unique geological samples of the inhospitable, ice-covered East Antarctic Plateau.

Abstract. The Vostok (East Antarctica, 78°S, 106°E) ice core preserves, below the meteoric ice keeping the climatic memory of the last 420?000 years, ice formed by freezing of subglacial Lake Vostok water. This latter contains some bedrock fragments representing unique samples for the geological investigation of the East Antarctic Plateau, covered by ~2–4 km of ice. The first geochemical (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr versus ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd) and mineralogical characterization of these inclusions as well as the dating of one of them (Nd model age on whole-rock sample) has given evidence for a Mid-Proterozoic age of the basement lying below the ice sheet, consistent with recent geophysical data. The geochemical characteristics of bedrock inclusions within the accreted ice zone are markedly different from those of the mineral dust of aeolian origin archived in the uppermost part of the Vostok ice core and originating from deflation of the Southern Hemisphere continents, and easily discriminates between the two contributions.