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Journal of the Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists
RESEARCH ARTICLE (Open Access)

Not extinct yet: innovations in frequency domain HEM triggered by sea ice studies

Andreas A. Pfaffhuber 1 3 Stefan Hendricks 2
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

1 Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), Sognsveien 72, 0806 Oslo, Norway.

2 Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Bussestrasse 24, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany.

3 Corresponding author. Email: aap@ngi.no

Exploration Geophysics 46(1) 64-73 https://doi.org/10.1071/EG14034
Submitted: 21 March 2014  Accepted: 21 August 2014   Published: 17 October 2014

Journal Compilation © ASEG 2015

Abstract

The last 15 years have brought major innovations in helicopter towed time domain electromagnetics (EM), while few further developments have been made within the classic frequency domain segment. Operational use of frequency domain EM for sea ice thickness mapping acted as a driving force to develop new concepts such as the system under our consideration. Since its introduction we have implemented new concepts aiming at noise reduction and drift elimination. We decreased signal noise base levels by one to two orders of magnitude with changes to the signal transmission concept. Further, we increased the receiver coil dynamic range creating an EM setup without the need for primary field bucking. Finally, we implemented control signals inside the receiver coils to potentially eliminate system drift. Ground tests demonstrate the desired noise reduction and demonstrate drift control, leading to essentially drift free data. Airborne field data confirm these results, yet also show that the procedures can still be improved. The remaining quest is whether these specialised system improvements could also be implemented in exploration helicopter EM (HEM) systems to increase accuracy and efficiency.

Key words: AEM, drift, frequency domain, HEM, sea ice.


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