A systematic review of maternal intrinsic risk factors associated with surgical site infection following Caesarean sections

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doi:10.1071/HI10001

A systematic review of maternal intrinsic risk factors associated with surgical site infection following Caesarean sections

Prabha Lakhan ^A ^C, Jennifer Doherty ^A, Mark Jones ^A ^B, Archie Clements ^B

^A Centre for Healthcare Related Infection Surveillance and Prevention, PO Box 2368, Fortitude Valley BC, Qld 4006, Australia.
^B School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Qld, Australia.
^C Corresponding author. PO Box 2368, Fortitude Valley BC, Qld 4006, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia. Email: Prabha_Lakhan@health.qld.gov.au





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Healthcare Infection 15(2) 35–41 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/HI10001
Submitted: 6 January 2010 Accepted: 18 May 2010 Published online: 23 June 2010

Abstract

We undertook a systematic review of maternal intrinsic risk factors associated with surgical site infection (SSI) following Caesarean section (CS). Studies published in the English language from 1990 to 2007, meeting specific inclusion criteria, were identified from searches of six health and medical literature electronic databases. Two reviewers independently assessed studies for inclusion and extracted data. Fifteen included studies found two independent risk factors for overall SSI: obesity and chorioamnionitis. Premature ruptured membrane >6 h and anaemia were associated with incisional SSI. Anaemia was associated with organ/space SSI. The maternal intrinsic risk factors identified can be used in surveillance programs to identify women at risk of SSI and to risk-adjust hospital infection rates for between-institution comparison.

Keywords: Caesarean section, systematic review, maternal, risk factors, infection.