Genetic variation among Sclerotium isolates from Benin and South Africa, determined using mycelial compatibility and ITS rDNA sequence data

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Contents Vol 34(1)

doi:10.1071/AP04071

Genetic variation among Sclerotium isolates from Benin and South Africa, determined using mycelial compatibility and ITS rDNA sequence data

Appolinaire Adandonon ^A ^B ^C, Theresa A. S. Aveling ^B, Nicolaas A. van der Merwe ^D, Gina Sanders ^B

^A National Institute of Agricultural Research in Benin (INRAB), 08 BP 0932 Cotonou, Benin.
^B Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
^C International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), 08 BP 0932 Cotonou, Benin.
^D Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
^E Corresponding author: Email: terry.aveling@fabi.up.ac.za





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Australasian Plant Pathology 34(1) 19–25 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/AP04071
Submitted: 26 March 2004 Accepted: 25 June 2004 Published online: 22 March 2005

Abstract

Damping-off and stem rot of cowpea caused by Sclerotium rolfsii has previously been reported in Benin, where the pathogen showed variation in growth and sclerotia production among isolates. Pathogenicity, mycelial compatibility group (MCG) tests and rDNA sequence analyses were conducted on different isolates of S. rolfsii and S. delphinii collected from different hosts and geographical areas in Benin and South Africa. All the isolates, when inoculated into soil and planted with cowpea, caused damping-off and stem rot symptoms. Aggressiveness among isolates varied depending on the host from which each was isolated. Isolates originating from cowpea produced the highest disease incidence followed by isolates from peanuts. Four MCGs were distinguished among 66 isolates. Isolates from the same hosts tended to group into the same MCG. The incidence of damping-off and stem rot of cowpea, expressed as percentage diseased plants, varied among MCGs. Plants inoculated with MCG2 displayed the highest disease incidence, whereas MCG4 resulted in the least. Parsimony analysis of ITS DNA sequence data supported a close affinity of the Sclerotium spp. but showed genetic variation among isolates with no grouping based on host of origin.

Keywords: Athelia rolfsii, PCR, ribosomal RNA, Sclerotium rot.