Neodolichodorus australis n.sp. is described from Australia. It was associated with damage to a carrot crop at Narrandera, NSW. This is the first time the genus has been recorded on carrot or damaging an economic crop. At least three other species are known from Australia, mostly from native vegetation, and another from sand dune vegetation in New Zealand. Neodolichodorus australis n.sp. is characterised by seven transverse striae on the head, stylet 120–128 µm long, external transverse striae crossing the inner lateral field completely, posterior vulva (V = 55–59%), one refractive element near the vagina, phasmid anterior to anus and short tail in adult females, (c > 60, c’ < 1), spicules 43–48 µm long, protrusible gubernaculum 18–20 µm long with accessory piece, and spines around the posterior edge of the medial bursal lobe. An identification key to all species currently in the genus is included.