Differential migration involving intraspecific segregation of ages or sexes on the non-breeding grounds is common among migratory birds. Most of the existing data have, however, been collected in Europe and the Americas and very little is known about such migration patterns in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway, which links eastern Siberia with Australia and New Zealand. Spatial segregation of males and females during migration and at non-breeding grounds has clear implications for conservation management, as the loss of habitat predominantly used by members of one sex will disproportionately reduce effective population size. Here, I review the published data on differential migration in shorebirds in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway and discuss these data in the context of alternative hypotheses for differential migration and their relevance to existing conservation programs.