References
Arévalo JR, Álvarez P, Narvaez N, Walker K (2009
)
The effects of fire on the regeneration of a
Quercus douglasii stand in Quail Ridge Reserve, Berryessa Valley (California).
Journal of Forest Research
14, 81–87.
|
CrossRef |
Cain ML, Damman H (1997
)
Clonal growth and ramet performance in the woodland herb,
Asarum canadense.
Journal of Ecology
85, 883–897.
|
CrossRef |
Carvalho GR (1994) Genetics of aquatic clonal organisms. In ‘Genetics and evolution of aquatic organisms’. (Ed. AR Beaumont) pp. 291–322. (Chapman & Hall: London)
Cheng J, Wu GL, Zhao LP, Li Y, Li W, Cheng JM (2011
)
Cumulative effects of 20-year exclusion of livestock grazing on above- and belowground biomass of arid steppe communities in arid areas of the Loess Plateau, China.
Plant, Soil and Environment
57, 40–44.
Coelho FF, Capelo C, Figueira JEC (2008
)
Seedlings and ramets recruitment in two rhizomatous species of rupestrian grassland:
Leiothrix curvifolia var.
lanuginosa and
Leiothrix crassifolia (Eriocaulaceae).
Flora
203, 152–161.
|
CrossRef |
Edwards GR, Crawley MJ (1999
)
Herbivores, seed banks and seedling recruitment in mesic grassland.
Journal of Ecology
87, 423–435.
|
CrossRef |
Eriksson O (1992
)
Evolution of seed dispersal and recruitment in clonal plants.
Oikos
63, 439–448.
|
CrossRef |
Eriksson O (1997) Clonal life histories and the evolution of seed recruitment. In ‘The ecology and evolution of clonal plants’. (Eds H de Kroon, J van Groenendael) pp. 211–226. (Backhuys: Leiden, The Netherlands)
Facelli JM, Pickett STA (1991
)
Plant litter: its dynamics and effects on plant community structure.
Botanical Review
57, 1–32.
|
CrossRef |
Fischer M, van Kleunen M (2001
)
On the evolution of clonal plant life histories.
Evolutionary Ecology
15, 565–582.
Gilmour J (2002
)
Substantial asexual recruitment of mushroom corals contributes little to population genetics of adults in conditions of chronic sedimentation.
Marine Ecology Progress Series
235, 81–91.
Grubb PJ (1977
)
The maintenance of species richness in plant communities: the importance of the regeneration niche.
Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
52, 107–145.
Gugerli F (1998
)
Effect of elevation on sexual reproduction in alpine populations of
Saxifraga oppositifolia (Saxifragaecae).
Oecologia
114, 60–66.
|
CrossRef |
Hartnett DC (1990
)
Size-dependent allocation to sexual and vegetative reproduction in four clonal composites.
Oecologia
84, 254–259.
Hoffmann WA (1998
)
Post-burn reproduction of woody plants in a neotropical savanna: the relative importance of sexual and vegetative reproduction.
Journal of Applied Ecology
35, 422–433.
|
CrossRef |
Humphrey LD, Pyke DA (1998
)
Demographic and growth responses of a guerrilla and a phalanx perennial grass in competitive mixtures.
Journal of Ecology
86, 854–865.
|
CrossRef |
Keeley JE, Fotheringham CJ (2000) Role of fire in regeneration from seed. In ‘Seeds: the ecology of regeneration in plant communities’. 2nd edn. (Ed. M Fenner) pp. 311–329. (CAB International: Wallingford, UK)
Knox KJE, Morrison DA (2005
)
Effects of inter-fire intervals on the reproductive output of resprouters and obligate seeders in the Proteaceae.
Austral Ecology
30, 407–413.
|
CrossRef |
Li W, Wu GL, Zhang GF, Du GZ (2011
)
The maintenance of offspring diversity in response to land use: sexual and asexual recruitment in an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau.
Nordic Journal of Botany
29, 81–86.
|
CrossRef |
Liu MX (2009) The germination characteristics of gramineous species in the alpine meadow on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Thesis. Lanzhou Unversity, Lanzhou, China. [In Chinese]
López F, Fungairiño S, Heras P, Serrano J, Acosta F (2001
)
Age changes in the vegetative vs. reproductive allocation by module demographic strategies in a perennial plant.
Plant Ecology
157, 13–21.
|
CrossRef |
Lovett Doust L (1981
)
Population dynamics and local specialization in a clonal plant
Ranunculus repens. I. The dynamics of ramets in contrasting habitats.
Journal of Ecology
69, 743–755.
|
CrossRef |
Morgan JW (1999
)
Defining grassland fire events and the response of perennial plants to annual fire in temperate grasslands of south-eastern Australia.
Plant Ecology
144, 127–144.
|
CrossRef |
Nathan R, Muller-Landau HC (2000
)
Spatial patterns of seed dispersal, their determinants and consequences for recruitment.
Trends in Ecology & Evolution
15, 278–285.
|
CrossRef |
Ne’eman G, Fotheringham CJ, Keeley JE (1999
)
Patch to landscape patterns in post fire recruitment of a serotinous conifer.
Plant Ecology
145, 235–242.
|
CrossRef |
Ordoñez JL, Franco S, Retana J (2004
)
Limitation of the recruitment of
Pinus nigrat subsp.
salzmanii in a gradient of post-fire environmental conditions.
Ecoscience
11, 296–304.
Piquot Y, Petit D, Valero M, Cugen J, de Laguerie P, Vernet P (1998
)
Variation in asexual and sexual reproduction among young and old populations of the perennial macrophyte
Sparganium erectum.
Oikos
82, 139–148.
|
CrossRef |
Prati D, Schmid B (2000
)
Genetic differentiation of life-history traits within populations of the clonal plant
Ranunculus reptans.
Oikos
90, 442–456.
|
CrossRef |
Pyke DA, Brooks ML, Antonio CD (2010
)
Fire as a restoration tool: a decision framework for predicting the control or enhancement of plants using fire.
Restoration Ecology
18, 274–284.
|
CrossRef |
Reekie EG (1991
)
Cost of seed versus rhizome production in
Agropyron repens.
Canadian Journal of Botany
69, 2678–2683.
|
CrossRef |
Roff DA (1992) ‘The evolution of life histories: theory and analysis.’ (Chapman and Hall: New York)
Ronsheim ML, Bever JD (2000
)
Genetic variation and evolutionary trade-offs for sexual and asexual reproductive modes in
Allium vineale (Liliaceae).
American Journal of Botany
87, 1769–1777.
|
CrossRef |
CAS |
Silvertown J, Franco M, Pisanty I, Mendoza A (1993
)
Comparative plant demography – relative importance of life-cycle components to the finite rate of increase in woody and herbaceousnperennials.
Journal of Ecology
81, 465–476.
|
CrossRef |
Silvertown J (2008
)
The evolutionary maintenance of sexual reproduction: evidence from the ecological distribution of asexual reproduction in clonal plants.
International Journal of Plant Sciences
169, 157–168.
Singh P, Singh JS (2002
)
Recruitment and competitive interaction between ramets and seedlings in a perennial medicinal herb,
Centella asiatica.
Basic and Applied Ecology
3, 65–76.
|
CrossRef |
Stearns SC (1992) ‘The evolution of life histories.’ (Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK)
Sultan SE (2000
)
Phenotypic plasticity for plant development, function and life history.
Trends in Plant Science
5, 537–542.
|
CrossRef |
CAS |
Sutherland S, Vickery RKJ (1988
)
Trade-offs between sexual and asexual reproduction in the genus
Mimulus.
Oecologia
76, 330–335.
van Kleunen M, Fischer M, Schmid B (2001
)
Effects of intraspecific competition on size variation and reproductive allocation in a clonal plant.
Oikos
94, 515–524.
|
CrossRef |
Welling P, Laine K (2002
)
Regeneration by seeds in alpine meadow and heath vegetation in sub-arctic Finland.
Journal of Vegetation Science
13, 217–226.
|
CrossRef |
Weppler T, Stoecklin J (2005
)
Variation of sexual and clonal reproduction in the alpine
Geum reptans in contrasting altitudes and successional stages.
Basic and Applied Ecology
6, 305–316.
|
CrossRef |
Williams GC (1975) ‘Sex and evolution.’ (Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ)
Wu ZY (1995) ‘Vegetation of China.’ (Science Press: Beijing) [In Chinese]
Wu GL, Du GZ, Liu ZH, Thirgood S (2009
)
Effect of fencing and grazing on a
Kobresia-dominated meadow in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau.
Plant and Soil
319, 115–126.
|
CrossRef |
CAS |
Wu GL, Hu TM, Liu ZH (2010
)
Trade-off of sexual and asexual recruitment in a dominant weed
Ligularia virgaurea (Maxim.) in alpine grasslands (China).
Polish Journal of Ecology
58, 81–86.
Wu GL, Li W, Li XP, Shi ZH (2011
)
Grazing as a mediator for maintenance of offspring diversity: sexual and clonal recruitment in alpine grassland communities.
Flora
206, 241–245.
|
CrossRef |
Zhou HY (1985
)
Investigation of grassland resources and natural conditions in Yunwu Mountain Pastoral Protection Area.
Pratacultural Science
[In Chinese]
2, 30–34.