Profluorescent Nitroxides as Sensitive Probes of Oxidative Change and Free Radical Reactions

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doi:10.1071/CH10442

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Profluorescent Nitroxides as Sensitive Probes of Oxidative Change and Free Radical Reactions^†

James P. Blinco ^A ^C, Kathryn E. Fairfull-Smith ^B, Benjamin J. Morrow ^B and Steven E. Bottle ^B ^C

^A Preparative Macromolecular Chemistry, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesser Strasse 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
^B Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Free Radical Chemistry and Biotechnology, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia.
^C Corresponding authors. Email: james.blinco@kit.edu, s.bottle@qut.edu.au

Australian Journal of Chemistry 64(4) 373-389 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/CH10442
Submitted: 6 December 2010 Accepted: 28 January 2011 Published: 18 April 2011





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Abstract

This paper presents a review on the use of tethered nitroxide–fluorophore molecules as probes of oxidative change and free radical generation and reaction. The proximity of the nitroxide free radical to the fluorophore suppresses the normal fluorescence emission process. Nitroxide free radical scavenging, metabolism or redox chemistry return the system to its natural fluorescent state and so these tethered nitroxide–fluorophore molecules are described as being profluorescent. A survey of profluorescent nitroxides found in the literature is provided as well as background on the mechanism of action and applications of these compounds as fluorometric probes within the fields of biological, materials and environmental sciences.

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