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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 47(10)

Myofibre characteristics of ovine longissimus and semitendinosus muscles are influenced by sire breed, gender, rearing type, age and carcass weight

P. L. Greenwood A B E , S. Harden A C and D. L. Hopkins A D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Australian Sheep Industry Cooperative Research Centre, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia.

B NSW Department of Primary Industries Beef Industry Centre of Excellence, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.

C NSW Department of Primary Industries, Tamworth Agricultural Institute, Tamworth, NSW 2340, Australia.

D NSW Department of Primary Industries, Centre for Sheep Meat Development, Cowra, NSW 2794, Australia.

E Corresponding author. Email: paul.greenwood@dpi.nsw.gov.au

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47(10) 1137-1146 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA06324
Submitted: 8 January 2007  Accepted: 16 May 2007   Published: 19 September 2007

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which sire breed (Merino, primarily a wool-producing breed, and Poll Dorset, primarily a meat-producing breed), gender (castrate and ewe), rearing type (single- or multiple-reared), age (4, 8, 14 and 22 months) and carcass weight influence ovine (n = 204) myofibre characteristics. In Merino-sired sheep, the relative area (% of total myofibre area) of type 2X myofibres was lower and of type 2A myofibres higher in the longissimus lumborum (longissimus) muscle than in Poll Dorset-sired sheep. Female sheep had a higher relative area of type 2X and a lower relative area of type 2A myofibres than castrate sheep in the longissimus muscle. The percentage of type 2A myofibres increased and of type 2X myofibres decreased in the longissimus between 4 and 22 months of age. Type 1 myofibres in the semitendinosus muscle were more prevalent and type 2X myofibres less prevalent in Merino than in Poll Dorset-sired sheep. The percentage of type 1 myofibres was lower in female than in castrate sheep. Age-related effects on semitendinosus myofibre characteristics varied with gender, sire breed and rearing type. Influences of rearing type on myofibre characteristics were evident in the semitendinosus muscle at younger ages, but did not persist to 22 months of age. The greatest increases in myofibre cross-sectional areas occurred between 8 and 14 months of age in the longissimus muscle, and between 14 and 22 months of age in the semitendinosus muscle. Carcass weight significantly influenced cross-sectional area of type 2A, 2AX and 2X myofibres in longissimus and semitendinosus muscles. It is concluded that influences of sire breed, gender, rearing type, age and carcass weight on ovine myofibre percentages varies between longissimus and semitendinosus muscles. Furthermore, the pattern of postnatal myofibre growth differs between these muscles.

Additional keywords: lamb, genotype, myofibre types, myosin heavy chains, skeletal muscle.


Acknowledgements

We wish to thank Amanda Lang, Stuart McClelland, Joe Brunner, Bill Johns and Steve Sinclair (NSW DPI Beef Industry Centre of Excellence, Armidale) for the conduct of laboratory procedures and inputs into abattoir sampling and data collection. The animals sampled for this paper were generated at the NSW Department of Primary Industries, Centre for Sheep Meat Development, Cowra as part of the Australian Sheep Industry Cooperative Research Centre. The team at Cowra is thanked for their management of the flock and the efficient execution of the slaughter program. Specifically, we wish to thank David Stanley (NSW DPI) who has managed the database arising from this large collaborative program and the team members from other research groups who assisted with data collection. The kind provision of antibody S5-8H2 by Dr Brigitte Picard is also gratefully acknowledged, as is the advice of Dr Arthur Gilmour (NSW DPI) on the design and statistical analyses of this experiment.


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