Phytoplankton dynamics in a subtropical tidal creek: influences of rainfall and water residence time on composition and biomass
Susan Badylak A , Edward Phlips A E , Nicole Dix B , Jane Hart A , Akeapot Srifa A , Daniel Haunert C , Zenli He D , Jean Lockwood A , Peter Stofella D , Detong Sun C and Yaugen Yang D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Program, School of Forest Resources & Conservation (SFRC), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32653, USA.
B Guana Tolomato Matanzas National Estuarine Research Reserve, Ponte Vedra Beach, FL 32082, USA.
C South Florida Water Management District, West Palm Beach, FL 33416, USA.
D Indian River Lagoon Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA.
E Corresponding author. Email: phlips@ufl.edu
Marine and Freshwater Research 67(4) 466-482 https://doi.org/10.1071/MF14325
Submitted: 8 February 2014 Accepted: 22 December 2014 Published: 9 July 2015
Abstract
Concerns about global climate change have heightened awareness of the role changing rainfall regimes play in altering plankton communities of coastal ecosystems. In this study spatial and temporal patterns of phytoplankton composition and biomass in a sub-tropical tidal creek in Florida were observed over three wet and dry seasons, which included the major storm year of 2005 and the drought year of 2006. Shifts in rainfall levels were associated with changes in phytoplankton composition and biomass, but the effects varied between the upper and lower reaches of the creek. The upper reach of the creek was fresh throughout the study period. The oligohaline to mesohaline lower creek alternated between fresh and marine species in response to shifts in salinity regimes. Blooms of the freshwater dinoflagellate Peridinium sp., small centric diatoms and nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria were common in the upper Ten Mile Creek during low rainfall years. The euryhaline marine dinoflagellate Akashiwo sanguinea and centric diatoms (e.g. Leptocylindrus minimus) were observed at bloom levels in the lower creek during low to average rainfall periods. The results are discussed within the context of how variability in rainfall influence water residence times, nutrient concentrations and salinity regimes, which in turn influence phytoplankton composition and biomass.
Additional keywords: climate, cyanobacteria, diatoms, dinoflagellates, hydrology, nutrient load, St Lucie Estuary, Ten Mile Creek.
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