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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Epidemiology, natural history and risk factors for anal intraepithelial neoplasia

François Coutlée A B C F , Alexandra de Pokomandy D E and Eduardo L. Franco C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Départements de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2L 4M1, Canada.

B Département de Microbiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T IJ4, Canada.

C Division of Cancer Epidemiology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1S6, Canada.

D Department of Medicine, Immunodeficiency Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec H2X 2P4, Canada.

E Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H2X 2P4, Canada.

F Corresponding author. Email: francois.coutlee@ssss.gouv.qc.ca

Sexual Health 9(6) 547-555 https://doi.org/10.1071/SH11167
Submitted: 30 November 2011  Accepted: 7 February 2012   Published: 8 June 2012

Abstract

Studies conducted in HIV-seropositive individuals have enhanced our understanding of the natural history of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and of factors predictive of progression to high-grade AIN, the immediate precursor to anal cancer. AIN is frequently detected in HIV-seropositive individuals. Factors that increase the risk for AIN include HIV infection, low current or nadir blood CD4+ cell counts, receptive anal intercourse, oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, persistent anal HPV infection, multiple HPV type infections and high anal HPV viral load. This review confirms the importance of high-grade AIN in HIV-seropositive individuals and HIV-seronegative men having sex with men.

Additional keywords: HIV, human papillomavirus, intraepithelial lesions, men who have sex with men.


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