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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Comparative performance of the Kalon and HerpeSelect enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays to determine the prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 in Papua New Guinea

Claire E. Ryan A B G H I , Cassey S. Simbiken A H , Paul A. Agius B , Joyce Allen A , Joyce Sauk C , Petronia Kaima D , Zure Kombati E , Peter Siba A , John M. Kaldor F , Andrew Vallely A F and on behalf of the Male Circumcision Acceptability and Impact Study MCAIS Team
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Eastern Highlands Province 441, Papua New Guinea.

B Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Vic. 3004, Australia.

C HOPE World Wide, Port Moresby, NCD, Papua New Guinea.

D Tininga Clinic Mount Hagen General Hospital, Mount Hagen, Western Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea.

E Pathology Department, Mount Hagen General Hospital, Mount Hagen, Western Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea.

F Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.

G Present address: Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne, Vic. 3004, Australia.

H Authors contributed equally.

I Corresponding author. Email: claire.ryan@burnet.edu.au

Sexual Health 11(6) 575-579 https://doi.org/10.1071/SH14055
Submitted: 18 March 2014  Accepted: 2 October 2014   Published: 1 December 2014

Abstract

Background: Infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is common worldwide and an important risk factor for HIV infection. Aetiological diagnosis of HSV-2 is typically determined with the use of commercially available type-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of HSV-2 among people attending sexual health clinics in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea. The study also aimed to compare the performance of two type-specific ELISA assays, the Kalon and HerpeSelect glycoprotein G2 assays, in this context. Methods: Participants were recruited as part of a longitudinal sexual health study. Participants attended four appointments over a 12-month period and had blood taken for HSV-2 serology at each time point. Both the Kalon and HerpeSelect assays were performed as per manufacturer’s instructions. Results: A total of 132 participants were tested for HSV-2 using the Kalon and HerpeSelect ELISAs. HSV-2 prevalence was 52% (95% CI, 43–60) and 61% (95% CI, 52–69) with Kalon and HerpeSelect assays respectively. There was high concordance (87%, к = 0.75, P < 0.001, n = 115) between the two assays at the manufacturer recommended index value cut-offs. For participants with discordant results at baseline, (n = 16), three sero-conversions were observed over the 12-month period when sequential sera was tested. Conclusions: A high HSV-2 prevalence was observed in this clinic-based population. Our longitudinal data indicate the higher prevalence of HSV-2 detected with the HerpeSelect ELISA was likely due to false positives rather than a higher sensitivity in the early stages of infection.


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