References

Alexander, G. (1984). Constraints to lamb survival. In ‘Reproduction in Sheep’. (Eds D. R. Lindsay and D. T. Pearce.) pp. 199–208. (Australian Academy of Science: Canberra.)

Anderson, R. M., Jackson, H. C., May, R. M., and Smith, A. M. (1981). Population dynamics of fox rabies in Europe. Nature 289, 765–771.
| CrossRef | CAS | PubMed |

Armstrong, R. (2004). Baiting operations: western shield review – February 2003. Conservation Science Western Australia 5, 31–50.

Asch, D., Jedrziewski, M. K., and Christakis, N. A. (1997). Response rates to mail surveys published in medical journals. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 50, 1129–1136.
| CrossRef | CAS | PubMed |

Babbie, E. R. (1990). ‘Survey Research Methods.’ 3rd edn. (Wadsworth: Belmont, CA.)

Baker, P. J., and Harris, S. (2006). Does culling reduce fox (Vulpes vulpes) density in commercial forests in Wales, UK? European Journal of Wildlife Research 52, 99–108.
| CrossRef |

Baker, S., and Macdonald, D. W. (2000). Foxes and foxhunting on farms in Wiltshire: a case study. Journal of Rural Studies 16, 185–201.
| CrossRef |

Baker, P., Furlong, M., Southern, S., and Harris, S. (2006). The potential impact of red fox Vulpes vulpes predation in agricultural landscapes in lowland Britain. Wildlife Biology 12, 39–50.
| CrossRef |

Bodin, O., and Crona, B. I. (2009). The role of social networks in natural resource governance: what relational patterns make a difference? Global Environmental Change 19, 366–374.
| CrossRef |

Botterill, L. C., and Fisher, M. (2003). ‘Beyond Drought: People, Policy and Perspectives.’ (CSIRO Publishing: Melbourne.)

Burbidge, A. A., and McKenzie, N. L. (1989). Patterns in the modern decline of Western Australia’s vertebrate fauna: causes and conservation implications. Biological Conservation 50, 143–198.
| CrossRef |

Bureau of Meteorology (1986). ‘District Rainfall Deciles – Australia.’ (Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.)

Byrom, A. E. (2002). Dispersal of juvenile ferrets in New Zealand. Journal of Applied Ecology 39, 67–78.
| CrossRef |

Coman, B. J. (1985). Australian predators of livestock. In ‘World Animal Science. Part B, Vol. 2. Parasites, Pests and Predators’. (Eds S. M. Gaafar, W. E. Howard and R. E. Marsh.) pp. 411–425. (Elsevier: Amsterdam.)

Coman, B. J., Robinson, J., and Beaumont, C. (1991). Home range, dispersal and density of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes L.) in central Victoria. Wildlife Research 18, 215–224.
| CrossRef |

Cottle, D. J. (1991). ‘Australian Sheep and Wool Handbook.’ (Inkata Press: Melbourne.)

Dexter, N., and Murray, A. (2009). The impact of fox control on the relative abundance of forest mammals in East Gippsland, Victoria. Wildlife Research 36, 252–261.
| CrossRef |

Donnelly, J. R., Moore, A. D., and Freer, M. (1997). GRAZPLAN: decision support systems for Australian grazing enterprises – I. Overview of the GRAZPLAN project, and a description of the MetAccess and LambAlive DSS. Agricultural Systems 54, 57–76.
| CrossRef |

Edwards, P., Roberts, I., Clarke, M., DiGuiseppi, C., Prattap, S., Wentz, R., and Kwan, I. (2002). Increasing response rates to postal questionnaires: a systematic review. British Medical Journal 324, 1183–1192.
| CrossRef | PubMed |

Gama, L. T., Dickerson, G. E., Young, L. D., and Leymaster, K. A. (1991). Effects of breed, heterosis, age of dam, litter size and birth weight on lamb mortality. Journal of Animal Science 69, 2727–2743.
| CAS | PubMed |

Garrettson, P. R., and Rohwer, F. C. (2001). Effects of mammalian predator removal on production of upland-nesting ducks in North Dakota. The Journal of Wildlife Management 65, 398–405.
| CrossRef |

Gentle, M. N., Saunders, G. R., and Dickman, C. R. (2007). Poisoning for production: how effective is fox baiting in south-eastern Australia. Mammal Review 37, 177–190.
| CrossRef |

Gilmour, A. R., Cullis, B. R., Gogel, B. J., Welham, S. J., and Thompson, R. (2002). ‘ASREML Users Guide, Release 1.0.’ (VSN International: Hemel Hempstead, UK.)

Greentree, C., Saunders, G., McLeod, L., and Hone, J. (2000). Lamb predation and fox control in south-eastern Australia. Journal of Applied Ecology 37, 935–943.
| CrossRef |

Harding, E. K., Doak, D. F., and Albertson, J. D. (2001). Evaluating the effectiveness of predator control: the non-native red fox as a case study. Conservation Biology 15, 1114–1122.
| CrossRef |

Heydon, M. J., and Reynolds, J. C. (2000). Demography of rural foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in relation to cull intensity in three contrasting regions of Britain. Journal of Zoology 251, 265–276.
| CrossRef |

Holmala, K., and Kauhala, K. (2006). Ecology of wildlife rabies in Europe. Mammal Review 36, 17–36.
| CrossRef |

Hone, J. (1994). ‘Analysis of Vertebrate Pest Control.’ (Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, UK.)

Jarnemo, A., Liberg, O., Lockowandt, S., Olsson, A., and Wahlström, K. (2004). Predation by red fox on European roe deer fawns in relation to age, sex and birth date. Canadian Journal of Zoology 82, 416–422.
| CrossRef |

Keough, H. L., and Blahna, D. J. (2006). Achieving integrative, collaborative ecosystem management. Conservation Biology 20, 1373–1382.
| CrossRef | PubMed |

Kinnear, J. E., Krebs, C. J., Pentland, C., Orell, P., Holme, C., and Karvinen, R. (2010). Predator-baiting experiments for the conservation of rock-wallabies in Western Australia: a review with recent advances. Wildlife Research 37, 57–67.
| CrossRef |

König, A., Romig, T., Janko, C., Hildenbrand, R., Holzhofer, E., Kotulski, Y., Ludt, C., Merli, M., Eggenhofer, S., Thoma, D., Vilsmeier, J., and Zannantonio, D. (2008). Integrated-baiting concept against Echinococcus multilocularis in foxes is successful in southern Bavaria, Germany. European Journal of Wildlife Research 54, 439–447.
| CrossRef |

Kothari, U. (2001). Power, knowledge and social control in participatory development. In ‘Participation: The New Tyranny’. (Eds B. Cooke and U. Kothari.) (Zed Books: London.)

Kuehl, R. O. (1994). ‘Statistical Principles of Research Design and Analysis.’ (Wadsworth Publishing Company: Belmont, CA.)

Linton, V. (2002). ‘Adaptive Fox and Rabbit Management in Agricultural Areas.’ (Animal and Plant Control Commission: Adelaide.)

Little, S. E., Davidson, W. R., Howerth, E. W., Rakich, P. M., and Nettles, V. F. (1998). Diseases diagnosed in red foxes from the southeastern United States. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 34, 620–624.
| CAS | PubMed |

Lloyd, H. G., and Englund, J. (1973). The reproductive cycle of the red fox in Europe. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility 19, 119–130.
| CAS | PubMed |

Lovari, S., and Parigi, L. (1995). The red fox as a game bird killer or a considerate parent? Mammalia 59, 455–459.

Lynam, T., de Jong, W., Sheil, D., Kusumsnto, T., and Evans, K. (2007). A review of tools for incorporating community knowledge, preferences, and values into decision making in natural resources management. Ecology and Society 12, 5–19.

Mahon, P. S. (2009). Targeted control of widespread exotic species for biodiversity conservation: the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in New South Wales, Australia. Ecological Management & Restoration 10, S59–S69.
| CrossRef |

McIlroy, J., Saunders, G., and Hinds, L. (2001). The reproductive performance of female red foxes, Vulpes vulpes, in central-western New South Wales during and after a drought. Canadian Journal of Zoology 79, 545–553.
| CrossRef |

McIntosh, D. L. (1963). Food of the fox in the Canberra district. CSIRO Wildlife Research 8, 1–20.

McLeod, S., Twigg, L., and Saunders, G. (2004). Modelling sterility agents for foxes and rabbits. Final report to Australian Wool Innovation EC543. NSW Department of Primary Industries, Orange, NSW.

McLeod, L. J., Saunders, G. R., and Kabat, T. J. (2008). ‘Do Control Interventions Effectively Reduce the Impact of European Red Foxes on Conservation Values and Agricultural Production in Australia?’ Systematic Review No. 24. (Collaboration for Environmental Evidence.) Available at www.environmentalevidence.org [accessed September 2009].

Moberly, R. L., White, P. C. L., Webbon, C. C., Baker, P. J., and Harris, S. (2003). Factors associated with fox (Vulpes vulpes) predation on lambs in Britain. Wildlife Research 30, 219–227.
| CrossRef |

Moberly, R. L., White, P. C. L., and Harris, S. (2004a). Mortality due to fox predation in free-range poultry flocks in Britain. The Veterinary Record 155, 48–52.
| CrossRef | CAS | PubMed |

Moberly, R. L., White, P. C. L., Webbon, C. C., Baker, P. J., and Harris, S. (2004b). Modelling the costs of fox predation and preventative measures on sheep farms in Britain. Journal of Environmental Management 70, 129–143.
| CrossRef | PubMed |

Parkes, J., Robley, A., Forsyth, D. M., and Choquenot, D. (2006). Adaptive management experiments in vertebrate pest control in New Zealand and Australia. Wildlife Society Bulletin 34, 229–236.
| CrossRef |

Phillips, R. L., Andrews, R. D., Storm, G. L., and Bishop, R. A. (1972). Dispersal and mortality of red foxes. The Journal of Wildlife Management 36, 237–248.
| CrossRef |

Pieron, M. R., and Rohwer, F. C. (2010). Effects of large-scale predator reduction on nest success of upland nesting ducks. The Journal of Wildlife Management 74, 124–132.
| CrossRef |

Plant, J. W. (1978). The importance of predation as a cause of perinatal lamb loss in New South Wales. New South Wales Veterinary Proceedings 14, 31–33.

Priddel, D., and Wheeler, R. (1997). Efficacy of fox control in reducing the mortality of released captive-reared malleefowl, Leipoa ocellata. Wildlife Research 24, 469–482.
| CrossRef |

Reed, M. S. (2008). Stakeholder participation for environmental management: a literature review. Biological Conservation 141, 2417–2431.
| CrossRef |

Rowley, I. (1970). Lamb predation in Australia: incidence, predisposing conditions, and the identification of wounds. CSIRO Wildlife Research 15, 79–123.

Rural Lands Protection Board (2005). ‘Annual Report 2005.’ (Rural Lands Protection Board: Orange, NSW.)

Rushton, S. P., Shirley, M. D. F., Macdonald, D. W., and Reynolds, J. C. (2006). Effects of culling fox populations at the landscape scale: a spatially explicit population modelling approach. The Journal of Wildlife Management 70, 1102–1110.
| CrossRef |

Sargeant, A. B. (1978). Red fox prey demands and implications to prairie duck production. The Journal of Wildlife Management 42, 520–527.
| CrossRef |

Saunders, G., and McLeod, L. (2007). ‘Improving Fox Management Strategies in Australia.’ (Bureau of Rural Sciences: Canberra.)

Saunders, G., Coman, B., Kinnear, J., and Braysher, M. (1995). ‘Managing Vertebrate Pests: Foxes.’ (Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.)

Saunders, G., McIlroy, J., Berghout, M., Kay, B., Gifford, E., Perry, R., and van de Ven, R. (2002). The effects of induced sterility on the territorial behaviour and survival of foxes. Journal of Applied Ecology 39, 56–66.
| CrossRef |

Saunders, G.R., Gentle, M.N., and Dickman, C.R. (2010). The impacts and management of foxes Vulpes vulpes in Australia. Mammal Review 40, 181–211.
| CrossRef |

Scholz, J. T., and Wange, C.-L. (2006). Cooptation or transformation? Local policy networks and federal regulatory enforcement. American Journal of Political Science 50, 81–97.
| CrossRef |

Sillero-Zubiri, C., Hoffmann, M., and Macdonald, D. W. (Eds) (2004). ‘Canids: Foxes, Wolves, Jackals and Dogs. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan.’ (IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group: Gland, Switzerland.)

Simpson, V. (2003). Sarcoptic mange in foxes. The Veterinary Record 152, 215–216.
| PubMed |

Thompson, J. A., and Fleming, P. J. S. (1994). Evaluation of the efficacy of 1080 poisoning of red foxes using visitation to non-toxic baits as an index of fox abundance. Wildlife Research 21, 27–40.
| CrossRef |

Thomson, P. C., Marlow, N. J., Rose, K., and Kok, N. E. (2000). The effectiveness of a large-scale baiting campaign and an evaluation of a buffer zone strategy for fox control. Wildlife Research 27, 465–472.
| CrossRef |

Tryjanowski, P., Goldyn, B., and Surmacki, A. (2002). Influence of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes, Linnaeus 1758) on the distribution and number of breeding birds in an intensively used farmland. Ecological Research 17, 395–399.
| CrossRef |

West, P., and Saunders, G. (2003). ‘Pest Animal Survey 2002: an Analysis of Pest Animal Distribution and Abundance across NSW and the ACT.’ (NSW Agriculture: Orange, NSW.)

White, P. C. L., Groves, H. L., Savery, J. R., Conington, J., and Hutchings, M. R. (2000). Fox predation as a cause of lamb mortality on hill farms. The Veterinary Record 147, 33–37.
| CrossRef | CAS | PubMed |

White, P. C. L., Vaughan Jennings, N., Renwick, A. R., and Barker, N. H. L. (2005). Questionnaires in ecology: a review of past use and recommendations for best practice. Journal of Applied Ecology 42, 421–430.
| CrossRef |