This booklet outlines the properties of geological materials which enable them to accept, store and transmit groundwater, together with a description of the principal types of aquifer which are commonly found to occur in the field. Sources of groundwater are described in order to provide an understanding of the hydrogeological modelling exercise. The governing equations for steady state and non-steady state (transient) groundwater flow, are presented together with a brief overview of a range of modelling techniques, including both analytical and numerical models, the use of diffuse recharge as a model calibration tool and recent developments in the field of inverse modelling are also discussed.
Introduction
Aquifer Properties
Hydraulic conductivity
Transmissivity
Storage properties
Types of Aquifer
Unconfined aquifer
Confined aquifer
Semi-confined or leaky aquifer
Fractured rock aquifer
Groundeater Sources
Horizontal flow in aquifers
Vertical leakage from adjacent aquifers
Point sources
Line sources
Diffuse recharge
Groundwater Flow Equations
Steady state saturated flow
Non-steady state saturated flow
Groundwater Models
Analytical models
Numerical models
Methods of Handling Diffuse Recharge and Discharge
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