
TY  - JOUR
A1  - Moran, GF 
A1  - Marshall, DR 
A1  - Müller, WJ 
T1  - Phenotypic Variation and Plasticity in the Colonizing Species Xanthium Strumarium L. (Noogoora Burr)
JF  - Australian Journal of Biological Sciences
JO  - Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.
Y1  - 1981
VL  - 34
IS  - 6
SP  - 639
EP  - 648
KW  - 
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1071/BI9810639 
N2  - Levels of genotypic (O'G 2) and environmentally induced (O'E2) variation for 15 quantitative characters were estimated in seven populations of the four naturalized races of X. strumarium in Australia. Estimates of O'G2 indicated that populations of X. strumarium were often genetically variable for quantitative traits. However, for the majority of the characters studied, O'E2 was a larger component of the total phenotypic variation than was O'G 2 , indicating that phenotypic plasticity is the major mode of adaptation of this species to variable and varying environments. Few significant differences were found among the races, or among populations within a race, in either O'G2 or O'E2. This suggests that marked differences in colonizing ability of the four races of X. strumarium are probably not .due to differences in phenotypic plasticity (individual buffering) or genotypic variation (populational buffering) but to differences in such factors as their reproductive strategies and photoperiodic requirements for flowering. 
ER  -

