
%0 Journal Article
%A Thomas, GA 
%A Gibson, G 
%A Nielsen, RGH 
%A Martin, WD 
%A Radford, BJ 
%T Effects of tillage, stubble, gypsum, and nitrogen fertiliser on cereal cropping on a red-brown earth in south-west Queensland
%J Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture
%D 1995/11/01
%V 35
%N 7
%P 997-1008
%K 
%R https://doi.org/10.1071/EA9950997
%U https://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/EA9950997 
%X We describe effects of a range of fallow and crop management practices on soil properties and crop growth in wheat and grain sorghum on a red-brown earth in south-west Queensland. Results from the first 4 years of the experiment, which commenced in 1983, have been published. This paper reports results from the next 6 years. No tillage (NT) and reduced tillage (RT), combined with stubble retention, resulted in better soil-water storage during fallow but less soil nitrate-nitrogen (N) at sowing than observed with more frequent and aggressive mechanical tillage treatments such as discing, and stubble removal. In drier growing seasons, when N application often resulted in yield reductions in wheat, NT and RT with stubble retention resulted in higher grain yields than other treatments in both crops. In a wetter growing season, when N application resulted in yield increases, wheat yields under NT and RT with stubble retention were lower than those of other treatments, even at the highest rate of N application, indicating that factors such as plant disease were also affecting yields. With stubble retention, average yields of 6 wheat crops were 12% higher under NT and reduced blade tillage, and average yields of 4 sorghum crops were 20-30% higher under NT, than other tillage treatments. Gypsum application resulted in an average yield increase of 15% in both crops under conventional disc tillage with stubble retention. In wheat, NT and RT with stubble retention were generally associated with lower grain protein concentration, and N application was necessary to maximise profitability of these practices. 
