
%0 Journal Article
%A Larkin, PJ 
%A Taylor, BH 
%A Gersmann, M 
%A Brettell, RIS 
%T Direct Gene Transfer to Protoplasts
%J Functional Plant Biology
%D 1990/06/01
%V 17
%N 3
%P 291-302
%K 
%R https://doi.org/10.1071/PP9900291
%U https://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/PP9900291 
%X Direct transfer of genes to protoplasts is considered, using electroporation and polyethylene-glycol-induced plasmid uptake. Both transient expression and stable transformation are discussed, with data and comparisons from the following protoplast systems: Nicotiana plumbaginifolia suspension culture, Nicotiana tabacum leaf, Medicago sativa leaf and Triticum monococcum suspension culture. 
