
%0 Journal Article
%A Banks, Jonathan C. 
%A Paterson, Adrian M. 
%T A penguin-chewing louse (Insecta : Phthiraptera) phylogeny derived from morphology
%J Invertebrate Systematics
%D 2004/03/05
%V 18
%N 1
%P 89-100
%K Austrogoniodes, Cesareus, cladistic, co-evolution, co-phylogeny, lice, Nesiotinus, Sphenisciformes.
%R https://doi.org/10.1071/IS03022
%U https://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/IS03022 
%X Penguins are parasitised by 15 species of lice in the genera Austrogoniodes and Nesiotinus and present an opportunity to analyse phylogenetic relationships of two complete genera of chewing lice parasitising a monophyletic group of hosts. Taxonomy of penguin lice has been revised several times, including the erection of the genus Cesareus to contain some of the penguin-chewing louse species. Additionally, other groups of species within Austrogoniodes have been proposed. We constructed a phylogeny for all the chewing lice parasitising penguins from 46 parsimony-informative morphological characters and found support for two groups within Austrogoniodes, but little support for the Cesareus genus. Austrogoniodes metoecus, the only Austrogoniodes species parasitising a bird other than a penguin, was basal in the phylogeny, which suggests that if A. metoecus did originate from a louse species parasitising penguins, the host-switching event was unlikely to have been recent. A superficial comparison of louse and penguin phylogenies identified some potential instances of co-speciation. However, a full analysis of co-phylogenetic relationships between penguins and their lice awaits the publication of a better-resolved penguin phylogeny. 
