
%0 Journal Article
%A Davis, LS 
%A Mccaffrey, FT 
%T Recognition and Parental Investment in Ad&#233;lie Penguins
%J Emu
%D 1989/09/01
%V 89
%N 3
%P 155-158
%K 
%R https://doi.org/10.1071/MU9890155
%U https://www.publish.csiro.au/paper/MU9890155 
%X Discrimination abilities of Ad&#233;lie Penguins Pygoscelis adeliae were studied by cross-fostering eggs within two days of laying, chicks within five days of hatching, chicks 11-15 days of age and chicks 17-21 days of age. Our results show that Ad&#233;lie Penguins have no innate mechanism for recognition of offspring. Discrimination by adults was apparent only after 17-21 days of post-hatching familiarity, which corresponded with the end of the guard stage. By contrast, chicks may have learnt to discriminate adults by 11-15 days of age. During the guard stage, within-brood food allocation by parents was determined by sibling competition. 
