
TY  - JOUR
A1  - So, H. B. 
A1  - Cook, G. D. 
A1  - Raine, S. R. 
T1  - An examination of the end-over-end shaking technique for measuring soil dispersion
JF  - Soil Research
JO  - Soil Res.
Y1  - 1997
VL  - 35
IS  - 1
SP  - 31
EP  - 40
KW  - aggregate stability, disaggregation, structure.
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1071/S96062 
N2  - The end-over-end shaking technique has been widely used to provide a measure of soil dispersibility. However, results are dependent on the specific methodology employed. This paper investigates the effect of various physical parameters on the dispersion produced using an end-over-end shaking technique. Significant (P &#60; 0&#183;05) increases in the percentages of clay (D2) and silt+clay (D20) particles dispersed as a proportion of the total soil weight were observed with increasing period of shaking, suspension concentration, container size, and air-gap above the suspension. However, differences due to suspension temperature and soil texture were either relatively minor or insignificant (P &#62; 0&#183;05). To enable better comparison of results from different workers, the following methodology for end-over-end shaking studies is proposed as a standard. The soil sample should be air-dried and crushed to pass through a 2-mm sieve. The air-dried equivalent of 50 g oven-dried soil should then be immersed in 1 L double-deionised water at 20&#176;C within a 1&#183;425-L cylinder (70 mm internal diameter) and shaken end-over-end at 20 rpm for 30 min before measuring the amount of dispersed &#60;2 and &#60;20 &#181;m material produced. The amount of dispersed material should be expressed as a proportion of the total soil material. 
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