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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Potential and prospects of novel molecular breeding techniques for yield improvment in soybean (Glycine max)

Jyoti Kumari https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9228-1720 A * , Vedna Kumari A , Ronika Thakur https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0174-2861 A , Rishita Kapoor A ,   Priyanka https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4978-8022 B , Sudarshna Kumari C and Vishva Deepak Chaturvedi A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyala, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh 176062, India.

B Department of Crop Improvement, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, SGT University, Budhera, Gurugram-Badli Road, Gurugram, Haryana 122505, India.

C Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India.

* Correspondence to: jyotikumarijk2427@gmail.com

Handling Editor: Sajid Fiaz

Crop & Pasture Science 76, CP24139 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP24139
Submitted: 8 May 2024  Accepted: 19 March 2025  Published: 10 April 2025

© 2025 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing

Abstract

Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most prominent legume crops, primarily being cultivated as a substitute for high-protein meat and a source of vegetable oil. Soybean has always been in demand worldwide due to its nutritional and economic value. Soybean and similar higher market-value products are used either directly or as a component in various soy-based items. Conventional breeding techniques have increased soybean yields for the past few years but are not able to meet the demands of the world’s rapidly growing population. Therefore, new genomic techniques are required to overcome those challenges. The role of novel molecular breeding techniques such as speed breeding, modifications of genome editing, genome-wide association studies, genomic selection, ‘breeding by design’, and RNA-directed DNA methylation are summarised in this review highlighting their future potential in soybean improvement. These techniques have opened up opportunities to introduce greater genetic diversity into the soybean germplasm. Different soybean yield, quality, and other agricultural traits including abiotic and biotic stresses have been improved using these techniques and research is underway to revolutionize the soybean genomic field.

Keywords: abiotic stress, biotic stress, genetic improvement, genome editing, molecular breeding, quality, soybean, yield.

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