Analysis of genetic diversity and multi-trait selection using multi-trait genotype ideotype index and genotype × yield*trait biplot in inter-subspecific cross derivatives of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Bonipas Antony John
A , Saraswathi Ramaswamy B * , Manonmani Swaminathan C , Ramalingam Jegadeesan D , Renganayaki Perumalsamy Raju B and Uma Doraiswamy E
A
B
C
D
E
Abstract
Genetic diversity between parental lines is closely linked to the extent of heterosis in crops such as rice (Oryza sativa L.). Diversifying indica lines through incorporation of tropical japonica genome has been shown to enhance heterosis in rice. Nevertheless, it is crucial to assess newly developed lines from inter-subspecific crosses for agronomic and quality traits for exploitation.
Assessing the genetic diversity of inter-subspecific rice derivatives and identifying superior lines with desirable agronomic/quality traits using a multi-trait index.
Diversity of 88 breeding lines was estimated using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) clustering method for eight agronomic and three quality traits. Multi-trait genotype ideotype selection indices and yield*trait biplot analysis were used to select superior lines.
The traits total number of spikelets per panicle, gelatinisation temperature, and apparent amylose content exhibited high genetic variation and heritability, while single plant yield expressed moderate heritability. The lines were grouped into eight distinct clusters, thus harbouring substantial genetic diversity. Significant selection gains for yield and other traits, such as number of spikelets per panicle, productive tillers, and apparent amylose content were noticed. Four lines, CB ITJ 123, CB ITJ 42, CB ITJ 35, and CB ITJ 66, emerged as superior candidates for further use in hybrid breeding.
The substantial genetic variation and diversity observed in inter-subspecific derivatives suggest their potential for exploitation in two-line or three-line breeding to enhance the level of heterosis.
Diverse breeding lines developed from Inter-subspecific hybridisation with desirable traits can be used to develop hybrids predicted to be heterotic than intra-subspecific hybrids. Multi-trait selection indices facilitate the simultaneous improvement of yield attributes and quality traits.
Keywords: GYT biplot, hybrid rice, indica and tropical japonica derivatives, MGIDI, restorer lines, selection gain, simultaneous selection, UPGMA clustering.
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