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Australian Energy Producers Journal Australian Energy Producers Journal Society
Journal of Australian Energy Producers
 

Emissions Reduction Visual Presentation R07: Assessing greenhouse gas emissions in LNG transport: a Monte Carlo analysis of the Gladstone-to-Himeji route

Justin Stirling A *
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A EnergySys, Perth, WA, Australia.




Justin Stirling is a Director for EnergySys Pty Ltd and has been supporting global customers and partners for over 5 years. Prior to joining EnergySys, Justin worked with Tieto on various large-scale projects in Australia and Asia as a Project Manager and Service Delivery Manager.

* Correspondence to: justin.stirling@energysys.com

Australian Energy Producers Journal 65, EP24477 https://doi.org/10.1071/EP24477
Published: 19 June 2025

© 2025 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing on behalf of Australian Energy Producers.

Abstract

Emissions Reduction Visual Presentation R07

The international liquefied natural gas (LNG) trade is a growing sector in the global energy market driven, in part, by the transition from carbon-intensive energy sources such as coal and diesel to lower-carbon alternatives. The emergence of the ‘green LNG’ market, which involves offsetting emissions through carbon credits, highlights the industry’s shift towards sustainability. However, a critical challenge lies in estimating and managing emissions across the entire value chain, particularly in Scope 3 emissions, such as Upstream Transportation and Distribution (Category 4). This study employs a Monte Carlo model implemented in a hydrocarbon management system (EnergySys) to analyse greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions associated with each stage of an LNG voyage from Gladstone Island, Australia, to Himeji, Japan. The analysis incorporates variables such as engine type, voyage duration, fuel consumption and methane slip. Results indicate that the cargo and ballast voyage stages are the largest contributors to total emissions, accounting for over 80% of the journey’s 4193 tCO2-e. This paper aims to support the understanding of GHG emissions across the various stages of the LNG voyage, providing a structured analytical approach that highlights key emission sources in LNG transportation.

To access the Visual Presentation click on the link on the right. To read the full paper click here

Keywords: emissions, GHG, green cargo, green LNG, greenhouse gas, LNG, LNG projects, Monte Carlo, Scope 3.

Biographies

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Justin Stirling is a Director for EnergySys Pty Ltd and has been supporting global customers and partners for over 5 years. Prior to joining EnergySys, Justin worked with Tieto on various large-scale projects in Australia and Asia as a Project Manager and Service Delivery Manager.