Human papillomavirus prevalence to age 60 years among Australian women prevaccination
Julia M. L. Brotherton A B I , John R. Condon C , Peter B. McIntyre D , Sepehr N. Tabrizi E F G H , Michael Malloy A B , Suzanne M. Garland E F G H and on behalf of the WHINURS study groupA National HPV Vaccination Program Register, PO Box 310, East Melbourne, Vic. 8002, Australia.
B School of Population and Global Health, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, The University of Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia.
C Menzies School of Health Research, PO Box 41096, Casuarina, NT 0811, Australia.
D National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, University of Sydney and The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.
E Regional World Health Organisation Human Papillomavirus Laboratory Network, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Locked Bag 300, Grattan Street and Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia.
F Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Locked Bag 300, Grattan Street and Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia.
G Department of Microbiology, Royal Children’s Hospital, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia.
H Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia.
I Corresponding author. Email: jbrother@vcs.org.au
Sexual Health 12(4) 353-359 https://doi.org/10.1071/SH15035
Submitted: 4 March 2015 Accepted: 15 April 2015 Published: 1 June 2015
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) at the cervix varies with age, peaking following sexual debut and declining thereafter in most populations. In some populations, a second peak is observed. Here we describe the prevalence of HPV at the cervix among Australian women before the commencement of the HPV vaccination program. Methods: Women aged 15 to 60 years attending health services for cervical screening between 2005 and 2008 were invited to participate. Liquid based cervical specimens were tested for 37 types of HPV using linear array. The percentage and 95% confidence interval of women with any type of HPV, any of 13 high risk HPV types, and with vaccine-preventable HPV types (types 6, 11, 16 and 18) were estimated in 5-year age bands. Results: Among 1929 women aged 15–60 years, HPV prevalence peaked at 64% at age 15–20 years, then declined gradually to 12% at age 41–45 years, whereafter it rose to 19% in women 51–55 years then returned to 14% in 56–60 year olds. Prevalence curves were similar for high-risk HPV types and vaccine-targeted HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18 and when results were restricted to women with only normal cytology. Conclusions: The shape of the prevalence curve we observed is similar to those from other Western populations. Variation in prevalence curves is likely due to differences in sexual behaviour between populations and over time, reactivation of HPV during perimenopause, and possibly the presence of cervical screening programs. These data are the first such data from the Oceania region.
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