Why do organic aerosols exist? Understanding aerosol lifetimes using the two-dimensional volatility basis set
N. M. Donahue A G , W. Chuang A , S. A. Epstein A F , J. H. Kroll B , D. R. Worsnop C D , A. L. Robinson A , P. J. Adams A and S. N. Pandis A E
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15217, USA.
B Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
C Aerodyne Research, Inc., 45 Manning Road, Billerica, MA 01821, USA.
D University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
E Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patra, GR-26500, Greece.
F Present address: Department of Chemistry, 1102 Natural Sciences 2, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
G Corrsponding author. Email: nmd@andrew.cmu.edu
Environmental Chemistry 10(3) 151-157 https://doi.org/10.1071/EN13022
Submitted: 30 January 2013 Accepted: 26 April 2013 Published: 14 June 2013
Environmental context. Fine particles (aerosols) containing organic compounds are central players in two important environmental issues: aerosol-climate effects and human health effects (including mortality). Although organics constitute half or more of the total fine-particle mass, their chemistry is extremely complex; of critical importance is ongoing oxidation chemistry in both the gas phase and the particle phase. Here we present a method for representing that oxidation chemistry when the actual composition of the organics is not known and show that relatively slow oxidant uptake to particles plays a key role in the very existence of organic aerosols.
Abstract. Organic aerosols play a critical role in atmospheric chemistry, human health and climate. Their behaviour is complex. They consist of thousands of organic molecules in a rich, possibly highly viscous mixture that may or may not be in phase equilibrium with organic vapours. Because the aerosol is a mixture, compounds from all sources interact and thus influence each other. Finally, most ambient organic aerosols are highly oxidised, so the molecules are secondary products formed from primary emissions by oxidation chemistry and possibly non-oxidative association reactions in multiple phases, including gas-phase oxidation, aqueous oxidation, condensed (organic) phase reactions and heterogeneous interactions of all these phases. In spite of this complexity, we can make a strong existential statement about organic aerosol: They exist throughout the troposphere because heterogeneous oxidation by OH radicals is more than an order of magnitude slower than comparable gas-phase oxidation.
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