Register      Login
Health Promotion Journal of Australia Health Promotion Journal of Australia Society
Journal of the Australian Health Promotion Association
RESEARCH FRONT (Open Access)

Getting Australia more active: challenges and opportunities for health promotion

A. P. Hills A B D , S. J. Street B C and N. Harris D
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Mater Mothers’ Hospital, Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia.

B Centre for Nutrition and Exercise, Mater Research Institute – The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia.

C Mater Health Services, South Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia.

D Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4222, Australia.

Health Promotion Journal of Australia 25(1) 30-34 https://doi.org/10.1071/HE13085
Submitted: 8 October 2013  Accepted: 6 December 2013   Published: 16 April 2014

Journal Compilation © Australian Health Promotion Association 2014

Abstract

A growing body of evidence demonstrates that regular physical activity promotes health and assists in the prevention of non-communicable diseases but this is presently curtailed by low and unhealthy participation rates in Australia and comparable industrialised countries. Compounding the problem is knowledge that physical inactivity is independently associated with poor health outcomes. Despite physical activity being described as public health’s ‘best bet’ or ‘best buy’, motivating individuals and groups to adopt and maintain physical activity continues to be a major challenge for health professionals. Global advocacy for prevention efforts must be operationalised through national to local strategies to promote and support physical activity in multiple settings including the home, schools and workplace. The Australian health promotion community has and continues to play a leadership role in physical activity promotion. However, there is an urgent need to continue to promote the importance of physical activity, along with its pivotal role in the prevention of non-communicable diseases, alongside related agendas including healthy diets, tobacco control and environmental sustainability. This commentary overviews the contemporary status of physical activity promotion in Australia and identifies key challenges and opportunities moving forward.


References

[1]  Australian Bureau of Statistics. Australian health survey: first results, 2011–12. ABS Cat. no. 4364.0.55.001. Canberra: ABS; 2012.

[2]  Global Advocacy for Physical Activity (2012) Investments that work for physical activity. Br J Sports Med 46, 709–12.
Investments that work for physical activity.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 22869788PubMed |

[3]  National Public Health Partnership. Be active Australia: a framework for health sector action for physical activity. Melbourne: NPHP; 2005.

[4]  Lee IM, Shiroma E, Lobelo F, Puska P, Blair SN, Katzmarzyk P (2012) Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy. Lancet 380, 219–29.
Effect of physical inactivity on major non-communicable diseases worldwide: an analysis of burden of disease and life expectancy.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 22818936PubMed |

[5]  World Health Organization. Global status report on non-communicable disease 2010. Geneva: Switzerland; 2011.

[6]  Bull FC, Bauman AE (2011) Physical inactivity: the ‘Cinderella’ risk factor for non-communicable disease prevention. J Health Commun 16, 13–26.
Physical inactivity: the ‘Cinderella’ risk factor for non-communicable disease prevention.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 21916710PubMed |

[7]  Blair SN (2009) Physical inactivity: the biggest public health problem of the 21st century. Br J Sports Med 43, 1–2.

[8]  Morris JN (1994) Exercise in the prevention of coronary heart disease: today’s best buy in public health. Med Sci Sports Exerc 26, 807–14.
Exercise in the prevention of coronary heart disease: today’s best buy in public health.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 7934752PubMed |

[9]  World Health Organization. Global guidelines on physical activity for health. Geneva: Switzerland; 2010.

[10]  Warburton DE, Nicol CW, Bredin SS (2006) Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. CMAJ 174, 801–9.
Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 16534088PubMed |

[11]  National Heart Foundation of Australia. Blueprint for an active Australia. Melbourne: NHF; 2009.

[12]  Australian National Preventive Health Agency. State of preventive health 2013. Report to the Australian Government Minister for Health. Canberra: ANPHA; 2013.

[13]  Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Australia’s health 2012. Australia’s health series no.13. Cat. no. AUS 156. Canberra: AIHW; 2012.

[14]  Bauman AE (2004) Updating the evidence that physical activity is good for health: an epidemiological review 2000–2003. J Sci Med Sport 7, 6–19.
Updating the evidence that physical activity is good for health: an epidemiological review 2000–2003.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 15214597PubMed |

[15]  Haskell WL, Lee IM, Pate RR, Powell KE, Blair SN, Franklin BA, et al (2007) Physical activity and public health: updated recommendations for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association. Circulation 116, 1081–93.
Physical activity and public health: updated recommendations for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17671237PubMed |

[16]  Blair SN, Connelly JC (1996) How much physical activity should we do? The case for moderate amounts and intensities of physical activity. Res Q Exerc Sport 67, 193–205.
How much physical activity should we do? The case for moderate amounts and intensities of physical activity.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 8835998PubMed |

[17]  Powell KE, Paluch AE, Blair SN (2011) Physical activity for health: What kind? How much? How intense? On top of what? Annu Rev Public Health 32, 349–65.
Physical activity for health: What kind? How much? How intense? On top of what?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 21128761PubMed |

[18]  Goldberg JP, Sliwa SA (2011) Communicating actionable nutrition messages: challenges and opportunities. Proc Nutr Soc 70, 26–37.
Communicating actionable nutrition messages: challenges and opportunities.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 21208498PubMed |

[19]  Australian Bureau of Statistics. Involvement in organised sport and physical activity, Australia, April 2010. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics; 2010.

[20]  Trost SG, Pate RR, Sallis JF, Freedson PS, Taylor WC, Dowda M, et al (2002) Age and gender differences in objectively measured physical activity in youth. Med Sci Sports Exerc 34, 350–5.
Age and gender differences in objectively measured physical activity in youth.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 11828247PubMed |

[21]  Francis SL, Morrissey JL, Letuchy EM, Levy SM, Janz KF (2013) Ten-year objective physical activity tracking: Iowa Bone Development Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc 45, 1508–14.
Ten-year objective physical activity tracking: Iowa Bone Development Study.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 23470296PubMed |

[22]  Perkins DF, Jacobs JE, Barber BL, Eccles JS (2004) Childhood and adolescent sports participation as predictors of participation in sports and physical fitness activities during young adulthood. Youth Soc 35, 495–520.
Childhood and adolescent sports participation as predictors of participation in sports and physical fitness activities during young adulthood.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

[23]  Engström L-M (2008) Who is physically active? Cultural capital and sports participation from adolescence to middle age – a 38-year follow-up study. Phys Educ Sport Pedagogy 13, 319–43.
Who is physically active? Cultural capital and sports participation from adolescence to middle age – a 38-year follow-up study.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

[24]  Telama R (2009) Tracking of physical activity from childhood to adulthood: a review. Obes Facts 2, 187–95.
Tracking of physical activity from childhood to adulthood: a review.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20054224PubMed |

[25]  Bauman AE, Reis RS, Sallis JF, Wells JC, Loos RJ, Martin BW (2012) Correlates of physical activity: why are some people physically active and others not? Lancet 380, 258–71.
Correlates of physical activity: why are some people physically active and others not?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 22818938PubMed |

[26]  Cortis N (2009) Social inclusion and sport: culturally diverse women’s perspectives. Aust J Soc Issues 44, 91–106.

[27]  Harris N, Wilks L, Stewart D (2012) HYPEd-up: youth dance culture and health. Arts & Health 4, 239–48.
HYPEd-up: youth dance culture and health.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

[28]  Romero AJ (2012) A pilot test of the Latin active hip hop intervention to increase physical activity among low-income Mexican–American adolescents. Am J Health Promot 26, 208–11.
A pilot test of the Latin active hip hop intervention to increase physical activity among low-income Mexican–American adolescents.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 22375569PubMed |

[29]  Hovell MF, Mulvihill MM, Buono MJ, Liles S, Schade DH, Washington TA, et al (2008) Culturally tailored aerobic exercise intervention for low-income Latinas. Am J Health Promot 22, 155–63.
Culturally tailored aerobic exercise intervention for low-income Latinas.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 18251114PubMed |

[30]  Mendoza JA, Watson K, Baranowski T, Nicklas TA, Uscanga DK, Hanfling MJ (2011) The walking school bus and children’s physical activity: a pilot cluster randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics 128, E537–44.

[31]  Brug J, van Dale D, Lanting L, Kremers S, Veenhof C, Leurs M, et al (2010) Towards evidence-based, quality-controlled health promotion: the Dutch recognition system for health promotion interventions. Health Educ Res 25, 1100–6.
Towards evidence-based, quality-controlled health promotion: the Dutch recognition system for health promotion interventions.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 20841318PubMed |

[32]  Estabrooks PA, Glasgow RE (2006) Translating effective clinic-based physical activity interventions into practice. Am J Prev Med 31, 45–56.
Translating effective clinic-based physical activity interventions into practice.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

[33]  Glasgow RE, Lichtenstein E, Marcus AC (2003) Why don’t we see more translation of health promotion research to practice? Rethinking the efficacy-to-effectiveness transition. Am J Public Health 93, 1261–7.
Why don’t we see more translation of health promotion research to practice? Rethinking the efficacy-to-effectiveness transition.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 12893608PubMed |

[34]  Daly H, Cobb J. For the common good: Redirecting the economy toward community, the environment, and a sustainable future. Boston: Beacon Press; 1994.

[35]  Bauman AE, O’Hara L, Signal L, Smith B, Ritchie J, Parker E, et al (2007) A perspective on changes in values in the profession of health promotion. Health Promot J Austr 18, 3–6.

[36]  Sallis JF, Glanz K (2009) Physical activity and food environments: solutions to the obesity epidemic. Milbank Q 87, 123–54.
Physical activity and food environments: solutions to the obesity epidemic.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 19298418PubMed |

[37]  Withall J, Jago R, Fox KR (2011) Why some do but most don’t. Barriers and enablers to engaging low-income groups in physical activity progression: a mixed methods study. BMC Public Health 11, 507
Why some do but most don’t. Barriers and enablers to engaging low-income groups in physical activity progression: a mixed methods study.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 21711514PubMed |

[38]  Cavill N, Bauman AE (2004) Changing the way people think about health-enhancing physical activity: do mass media campaigns have a role? J Sports Sci 22, 771–90.
Changing the way people think about health-enhancing physical activity: do mass media campaigns have a role?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 15370487PubMed |

[39]  Leavy J, Bull F, Rosenberg M, Bauman AE (2011) Physical activity mass media campaigns and their evaluation: a systematic review of the literature 2003–2010. Health Educ Res 26, 1060–85.
Physical activity mass media campaigns and their evaluation: a systematic review of the literature 2003–2010.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 21900408PubMed |