Ozone damage, detoxification and the role of isoprenoids – new impetus for integrated models
Supriya Tiwari A E , Rüdiger Grote B D E , Galina Churkina C and Tim Butler C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations
A Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India.
B Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Kreuzeckbahnstr. 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.
C Institute of Advanced Sustainable Studies, Berliner St. 130, 14467 Potsdam, Germany.
D Corresponding author. Email: ruediger.grote@kit.edu
E These authors contributed equally to the manuscript.
Functional Plant Biology 43(4) 324-336 https://doi.org/10.1071/FP15302
Submitted: 23 September 2015 Accepted: 22 December 2015 Published: 16 February 2016
Abstract
High concentrations of ozone (O3) can have significant impacts on the health and productivity of agricultural and forest ecosystems, leading to significant economic losses. In order to estimate this impact under a wide range of environmental conditions, the mechanisms of O3 impacts on physiological and biochemical processes have been intensively investigated. This includes the impact on stomatal conductance, the formation of reactive oxygen species and their effects on enzymes and membranes, as well as several induced and constitutive defence responses. This review summarises these processes, discusses their importance for O3 damage scenarios and assesses to which degree this knowledge is currently used in ecosystem models which are applied for impact analyses. We found that even in highly sophisticated models, feedbacks affecting regulation, detoxification capacity and vulnerability are generally not considered. This implies that O3 inflicted alterations in carbon and water balances cannot be sufficiently well described to cover immediate plant responses under changing environmental conditions. Therefore, we suggest conceptual models that link the depicted feedbacks to available process-based descriptions of stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and isoprenoid formation, particularly the linkage to isoprenoid models opens up new options for describing biosphere-atmosphere interactions.
Additional keywords: biogenic volatile organic compounds, impact modelling, oxidative damage, physiological defence, reactive oxygen species.
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