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Invertebrate Systematics Invertebrate Systematics Society
Systematics, phylogeny and biogeography
Invertebrate Systematics

Invertebrate Systematics

Volume 33 Number 5 2019

IS19002The anatomy of an unstable node: a Levantine relict precipitates phylogenomic dissolution of higher-level relationships of the armoured harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones: Laniatores)

Shlomi Aharon, Jesus A. Ballesteros, Audrey R. Crawford, Keyton Friske, Guilherme Gainett, Boaz Langford, Carlos E. Santibáñez-López, Shemesh Ya'aran, Efrat Gavish-Regev and Prashant P. Sharma 0000-0002-2328-9084
pp. 697-717
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A troglomorphic species of the heretofore monotypic genus Haasus Roewer, 1949 is described from the Levant. A 10-locus phylogeny is deployed to establish that the Levantine ‘phalangodid’ endemic Haasus, in fact, belongs to the largely Afrotropical family Pyramidopidae, whereas the Japanese ‘phalangodid’ endemic Proscotolemon is clearly nested within the Southeast Asian family Petrobunidae. Inclusion of Haasus naasane sp. nov. in a 1550-locus phylogenomic matrix destabilises the basal relationships of Grassatores, highlighting that substantial gene tree conflict can be masked by standard nodal-support measures in supermatrix analyses.

Graphical Abstract Image

This work continues documentation of the Australian mirid tribe Orthotylinae, a fauna that was virtually undescribed 20 years ago. Two new species of the genus of Myrtlemiris from Western Australia, and a new genus and new species (Neomyrtlemiris picta), all of which were collected during the Bush Blitz program, are described. This work also includes a combined molecular and morphological phylogeny confirming the monophyly of Myrtlemiris, as well as ancestral state reconstruction of male genitalic characters.

Graphical Abstract Image

Considering that featherwing beetles (Ptiliidae) are the smallest non-parasitic insects and of great abundance in the world forest litter layers, surprisingly little is known of their larvae. Here, we highlight the external construction of featherwing beetle larvae and use patterns of intricate skeletal derivatives to trace systematic relationships, erect a new subfamily and promote a new classification. The larval structure is obviously conservative and may therefore provide clues as to old evolutionary relationships, feeding habits and life-history traits.

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