Recurrent spontaneous abortion has been associated to imbalanced cellular immunological status. Adoptive transfer of induced regulatory T cells promoted survival rate and corrected dysregulated uterine natural killer cells. Induced regulatory T cells might have potential therapeutic benefits in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) induces directly granulosa cell proliferation and is produced in response to FSH to act as a mediator of its proliferative and survival effects. In this experiment S1P did not modify theca cell viability or steroid production when added to culture media. However, LH increased S1P secretion to mediate theca cell viability and may regulate progesterone and testosterone secretion.