Modeling time-dependent phosphate buffering capacity in different soils as affected by bicarbonate and silicate ions
Nirmal De A B and Samar Chandra Datta A CA Division of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India.
B Present address: Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, UP, India.
C Corresponding author. Email: samar1953@yahoo.com
Australian Journal of Soil Research 46(4) 315-322 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR07070
Submitted: 25 May 2007 Accepted: 20 March 2008 Published: 23 June 2008
Abstract
The aim of this paper was to establish a relationship between phosphate buffering capacity and time in the presence of specifically sorbed anions like bicarbonate and silicate. P sorption isotherms were obtained at different times of equilibration for 3 surface soil samples, namely, Typic Haplustept, Calcic Chromustert, and Ultic Paleustalf in 3 different systems namely, bicarbonate (0.001 m), silicate (0.001 m), and a control system without any bicarbonate or silicate and having a common concentration of 0.1 m NaCl. Phosphate sorption data at different times could be fitted very closely to a modified Freundlich equation of the form: X/m = KCntp, where X/m is the amount of phosphate sorbed at solution phosphate concentration C and time t in hours. The values of n and p were positive fractions (mostly) and found to vary with soils and ionic medium. The silicate system was more effective in decreasing P sorption. Phosphate buffering capacity, defined as the first-order partial derivative of X/m with respect to C, KntpCn–1, was calculated at a particular concentration of 0.3 mg/L (usual P concentration of soil solution) at different times from the optimised value of K, n, and p. Phosphate buffering capacity was maximum in the control system and found to increase with time. Bicarbonate and, particularly, silicate ion decreased buffering capacity drastically and also the rate of change of buffering capacity with time. The practical implications of this decrease in buffering capacity by bicarbonate and silicate ions is discussed.
Additional keywords: P sorption isotherm, time, silicate, bicarbonate, Inceptisol, Vertisol, Alfisol.
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