CSIRO Publishing blank image blank image blank image blank imageBooksblank image blank image blank image blank imageJournalsblank image blank image blank image blank imageAbout Usblank image blank image blank image blank imageShopping Cartblank image blank image blank image You are here: Journals > Australian Systematic Botany   
Australian Systematic Botany
Journal Banner
  Taxonomy, Biogeography & Evolution of Plants
 
blank image Search
 
blank image blank image
blank image
 
  Advanced Search
   

Journal Home
About the Journal
Editorial Board
Contacts
Content
Current Issue
Just Accepted
All Issues
Special Issues
LAS Johnson Review Series
Sample Issue
For Authors
General Information
Notice to Authors
Submit Article
Open Access
For Referees
Referee Guidelines
Review Article
Annual Referee Index
For Subscribers
Subscription Prices
Customer Service
Print Publication Dates

blue arrow e-Alerts
blank image
Subscribe to our Email Alert or RSS feeds for the latest journal papers.

red arrow Connect with us
blank image
facebook   youtube

red arrow Brunonia
blank image
Brunonia, the predecessor journal to Australian Systematic Botany, is available online.

 

Article << Previous     |     Next >>   Contents Vol 24(5)

Polyphyly of Rulingia and Commersonia (Lasiopetaleae, Malvaceae s.l.)

Barbara A. Whitlock A D, Amanda M. Hale B, Jane L. Indorf A and Carolyn F. Wilkins C

A Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124, USA.
B Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA.
C School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
D Corresponding author. Email: whitlock@bio.miami.edu

Australian Systematic Botany 24(5) 215-225 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/SB09030
Submitted: 1 July 2009  Accepted: 18 March 2011   Published: 18 November 2011


 
PDF (680 KB) $40
 Export Citation
 Print
  
Abstract

The primarily Australian genera Rulingia R.Br. and Commersonia J.R. & G.Forst., as currently circumscribed, are distinguished from each other by the number of antisepalous staminodes. Although most taxonomic treatments recognise Rulingia and Commersonia as separate genera, recent phylogenetic analyses and morphological observations have suggested that neither is monophyletic. In the present study, we test the monophyly of both genera with a phylogenetic analysis of 80 individuals of Rulingia and Commersonia, representing 46 species, using three chloroplast markers. Our analyses recovered the following two well supported clades: Clade 1 includes three species referable to Commersonia and 17 to Rulingia and Clade 2 includes 20 species referable to Commersonia and six to Rulingia. Type species of both Commersonia and Rulingia are in Clade 1, although Commersonia has priority. These results are used to identify lineages that will be formally recognised in accompanying taxonomic treatments. The extensive polyphyly of both Commersonia and Rulingia suggests that the staminode character previously used to separate these two genera is highly homoplastic. We discuss alternative androecial characters that may prove to be synapomorphies for Clades 1 and 2.



References

Alverson WS, Whitlock BA, Nyffeler R, Bayer C, Baum DA (1999) Phylogeny of the core Malvales: evidence from ndhF sequence data. American Journal of Botany 86, 1474–1486.
CrossRef | CAS |

Baillon H (1871) Sur le nouveau genre Maxwellia. Adansonia 10, 98–100.

Bayer C, Kubitzki K (1996) Inflorescence morphology of some Australian Lasiopetaleae (Sterculiaceae). Telopea 6, 721–728.

Bayer C, Kubitzki K (2003) Malvaceae. In ‘The families and genera of vascular plants. Vol. 5’. (Eds K Kubitzki, C Bayer) pp. 225–311. (Springer-Verlag: Berlin)

Bayer C, Fay MF, de Bruijn AY, Savolainen V, Morton CM, Kubitzki K, Alverson WS, Chase MW (1999) Support for an expanded family concept of Malvaceae within a recircumscribed order Malvales: a combined analysis of plastid atpB and rbcL DNA sequences. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 129, 267–295.

Bentham G (1863) Sterculiaceae. In ‘Flora Australiensis. Vol. 1’. pp. 224–267. (L. Reeve and Co.: London)

Bentham G, Hooker JD (1862) Sterculiaceae. In ‘Genera plantarum. Vol. 1’. pp. 214–228. (L. Reeve and Co.: London)

Brown R (1821) Rulingia pannosa. Curtis’s Botanical Magazine 48, 2191.

Dorr LJ (2004) 27.6 Commersonia. In ‘Flore de la Polynésie française. Vol. 2’. pp. 179–183. (IRD Éditions: Paris)

Felsenstein J (1985) Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap. Evolution 39, 783–791.
CrossRef |

Forster JR, Forster G (1775) ‘Characteres generum plantarum.’ pp. 43–44, t. 22. (B. White, T. Cadell & P. Elmsly: London).

Gay J (1821) Monographie des cinq genres de plantes que comparent la tribu des Lasiopétalées dans la famille des Büttnériacées. Mémoires du Museum d’Histoire Naturelle 7, 431–465.

Guymer GP (2005) New species of Commersonia J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. (Sterculiaceae) from eastern Australia and Vanuatu. Austrobaileya 7, 231–250.

Harden GJ (1990) Sterculiaceae. In ‘Flora of New South Wales. Vol. 1’. (Ed. GJ Harden) pp. 303–314. (New South Wales University Press: Sydney)

Hnatiuk RJ (1990) ‘Census of Australian vascular plants.’ (Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra)

Hutchinson J (1967) ‘The genera of flowering plants (Angiospermae). Vol. 2.’ (Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK)

International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (2011) Available at http://www.ipni.org [accessed 19 January 2011].

Jenny M (1985) Struktur, Funktion und systematische Bedeutung des Gynoeciums bei Sterculiaceen. PhD thesis, Universität Zürich, Switzerland.

Kim SC, Lee H, Shin JS, Chuang YS, Hyung NI (1997) Simple and rapid method for isolation of high quality genomic DNA from fruit trees and conifers using PVP. Nucleic Acids Research 25, 1085–1086.
CrossRef | CAS |

Posada D, Buckley TR (2004) Model selection and model averaging in phylogenetics: advantages of the AIC and Bayesian approaches over likelihood ratio tests. Systematic Biology 53, 793–808.
CrossRef |

Posada D, Crandall KA (2001) Selecting models of nucleotide substitution: an application to human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1). Molecular Biology and Evolution 18, 897–906.
| CAS |

Ronquist F, Huelsenbeck JP (2003) MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19, 1572–1574.
CrossRef | CAS |

Schumann K (1895) Sterculiaceae. In ‘Die natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien’. (Eds A Engler, K Prantl) pp. 69–99. (Wilhelm Engelman: Leipzig, Germany)

Short PS (1996) Sterculiaceae. In ‘Flora of Victoria. Vol. 3’. (Eds NG Walsh, TJ Entwisle) pp. 324–331. (Inkata Press: Melbourne)

Smith MG (2010) ‘Declared rare and priority flora list for Western Australia.’ (Department of Environment and Conservation: Perth)

Stanley TD, Ross EM (1986) ‘Flora of south-eastern Queensland. Vol. 2.’ (Queensland Department of Primary Industries: Brisbane)

Steetz J (1848) Büttneriaceae R.Br. In ‘Plantae Preissianae 2’. (Ed. JGC Lehmann) pp. 316–359. (Sumptibus Meissneri: Hamburg)

Swofford D (2003) ‘PAUP* phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (* and other methods), v 4.0 beta 10.’ (Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, MA)

Taberlet P, Gielly L, Pautou G, Bouvet J (1991) Universal primers for amplification of three non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA. Plant Molecular Biology 17, 1105–1109.
CrossRef | CAS |

von Mueller FJH (1882) ‘Systematic census of Australian plants. Part 1: Vasculares.’ (McCarron, Bird, and Co.: Melbourne)

von Mueller FJH (1889) ‘Second systematic census of Australian plants.’ (McCarron, Bird, and Co.: Melbourne)

Whitlock B, Hale AM (2011) The phylogeny of Ayenia, Byttneria, and Rayleya (Malvaceae s.l.) and its implications for the evolution of growth forms. Systematic Botany 36, 129–136.
CrossRef |

Whitlock BA, Bayer C, Baum DA (2001) Phylogenetic relationships and floral evolution of the Byttnerioideae (Sterculiaceae or Malvaceae s.l.) based on sequences of the chloroplast gene ndhF. Systematic Botany 26, 420–537.

Wilkins CF (2002) A systematic study of Lasiopetaleae (Malvaceae s.l. or Sterculiaceae s.s.). PhD thesis, The University of Western Australia, Perth.

Wilkins CF, Chappill JA (2002) Seed and seedling morphology and seed anatomy of Lasiopetaleae (Malvaceae s.l. or Sterculiaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 15, 545–563.
CrossRef |

Wilkins CF, Whitlock BA (2011a) A revision of Commersonia including Rulingia (Malvaceae s.l. or Byttneriaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 24, 226–283.
CrossRef |

Wilkins CF, Whitlock BA (2011b) A new Australian genus Androcalva separated from Commersonia (Malvaceae s.l. or Byttneriaceae). Australian Systematic Botany 24, 284–349.
CrossRef |


   
Subscriber Login
Username:
Password:  

 
    
Legal & Privacy | Contact Us | Help

CSIRO

© CSIRO 1996-2013