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Advances in the aquatic sciences
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Using literature and expert knowledge to determine changes in the bird community over a century in a Turkish wetland

Dilara Arslan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3132-6607 A B * , Lisa Ernoul https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8977-8553 A , Arnaud Béchet https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0330-6342 A , Ömer Döndüren C , Mehmet Sıkı D and Thomas Galewski A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A Tour du Valat, Institut de Recherche pour la Conservation des Zones Humides Méditerranéennes, Le Sambuc, F-13200 Arles, France.

B Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale 3(IMBE), Avignon Université, UMR CNRS IRD Aix Marseille Université, IUT Site Agroparc, BP 61207, F-84911 Avignon Cedex 09, France.

C İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi, TR-35250 İzmir, Turkey.

D Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Zoology Section, Ege University, TR-35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey.

* Correspondence to: arslan@tourduvalat.org

Handling Editor: Nicholas Davidson

Marine and Freshwater Research - https://doi.org/10.1071/MF21332
Submitted: 19 April 2021  Accepted: 25 September 2022   Published online: 26 October 2022

© 2022 The Author(s) (or their employer(s)). Published by CSIRO Publishing

Abstract

Context: Bird species have been studied and documented abundantly in the past decades and are good indicators of ecosystem conditions, providing useful information of the changes in the ecological state of wetlands over time. However, monitoring data for birds in wetland sites are often disparate and not homogeneous over time and among species, which complicates the interpretation of trends.

Aims: We examined historical literature from 1835 to 2019, complemented by an expert knowledge survey and citizen-science databases to estimate the abundance of species, and evaluated changes in the structure and composition by average bird abundances.

Key results: Our results suggested that land-cover and land-use changes have shaped the local bird community, with a decline in agricultural and grassland bird species as a result of changes in agricultural practices. Coastal wetland and marine birds have increased in abundance, most probably linked to the extension of saltpans and successful conservation measures.

Conclusions: These trends in bird communities demonstrate the impacts of different land management strategies on biodiversity.

Implications: This methodology can be replicated in other Ramsar and wetland sites around the world to raise new conservation issues and improve site conservation.

Keywords: agricultural practices, bird trends, expert knowledge, Gediz Delta, historical ecology, multi-species index, saltpans, wetlands.


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