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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 57(11)

Botrytis grey mould of chickpea: a review of biology, epidemiology, and disease management*

S. Pande A J , J. Galloway B , P. M. Gaur A , K. H. M. Siddique C , H. S. Tripathi D , P. Taylor E , M. W. J. MacLeod B C , A. K. Basandrai F , A. Bakr G , S. Joshi H , G. Krishna Kishore I , D. A. Isenegger E , J. Narayana Rao A and M. Sharma A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru – 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India.

B Centre for Cropping Systems, Department of Agriculture Western Australia, PO Box 483, Northam, WA 6401, Australia.

C Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture (CLIMA), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.

D GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar 263 145, Uttaranchal, India.

E Department of Crop Production, The University of Melbourne, Vic. 3010, Australia.

F Chaudary Saravan Kumar Himachal Pradesh Krishi Visvavidyalaya, Hill Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Dhaulakuan – 173 001, Himachal Pradesh, India.

G Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur – 1701, Bangladesh.

H Nepal Agricultural Research Council Department of Plant Pathology, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, PO Box 5459, Nepal.

I Plant Gene Resources of Canada, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon S7N 0X2, Canada.

J Corresponding author. Email: s.pande@cgiar.org

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57(11) 1137-1150 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR06120
Submitted: 18 April 2006  Accepted: 3 July 2006   Published: 27 October 2006

Abstract

Botrytis grey mould (BGM), caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex. Fr., is an economically important disease of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), especially in areas where cool, cloudy, and humid weather persists. Several epidemics of BGM causing complete crop loss in the major chickpea-producing countries have been reported. The pathogen B. cinerea mainly survives between seasons on infected crop debris and seeds. Despite extensive investigations on pathological, physiological, and molecular characteristics of B. cinerea causing grey mould type diseases on chickpea and several other hosts, the nature of infection processes and genetic basis of pathogen variability have not been clearly established. This lack of information coupled with the need for repeated application of chemical fungicides forced the deployment of host plant resistance (HPR) as a major option for BGM management. Effective and repeatable controlled-environment and field-screening techniques have been developed for identification of HPR. Of the selected portion of chickpea germplasm evaluated for BGM resistance, only few accessions belonging to both cultivated and wild Cicer spp. were tolerant to BGM, and the search for higher levels of disease resistance continues. Fungicide application based on disease predictive models is helpful in precision-based fungicide application. Integrated disease management (IDM) of BGM has proved more effective than any of the individual disease management components in large-scale, on-farm studies conducted in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. Further information on the biology of B. cinerea and epidemiology of the disease is needed to strengthen the IDM programs. In this paper the biology of B. cinerea including its variability, epidemiology of BGM, identified sources of resistance, and other management options, and available information on biochemical and genetic basis of disease resistance have been reviewed with a mention of future research priorities.

Additional keywords: Botryotinia fuckeliana, biochemical, histopathological, variability.


Acknowledgments

This publication is results from the research project Integrated Management of Botrytis Grey Mould of Chickpea in Bangladesh and Australia, CS1-2001-039, funded by the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), for the benefit of developing countries.


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*This review is one of a series commissioned by the Editorial Advisory Committee of the Journal.