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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Contents Vol 60(10)

A model for incorporating novel alleles from the primary gene pool into elite crop breeding programs while reselecting major genes for domestication or adaptation

W. A. Cowling A D , B. J. Buirchell B and D. E. Falk C
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A School of Plant Biology M084, and International Centre for Plant Breeding Education and Research, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia; and Canola Breeders Western Australia Pty Ltd, Locked Bag 888, Como, WA 6952, Australia.

B Department of Agriculture and Food, Locked Bag No. 4, Bentley Delivery Centre, WA 6983, Australia.

C Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada; and Adjunct Associate Professor, School of Plant Biology M084, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.

D Corresponding author. Email: wcowling@cyllene.uwa.edu.au

Crop and Pasture Science 60(10) 1009-1015 https://doi.org/10.1071/CP08223
Submitted: 9 July 2008  Accepted: 19 June 2009   Published: 18 September 2009

Abstract

Cost, time, linkage drag, and genetic drift work against the incorporation of potentially valuable alleles from exotic or non-adapted germplasm into elite crop plants, particularly for quantitative traits. We present a model, motivated by narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius), for efficient incorporation of new alleles from exotic or non-adapted donors into elite gene pools during two phases of breeding. In Phase 1, probability functions from the binomial distribution provide at least 95% confidence that a potentially valuable donor allele (A′) will survive two cycles of backcrossing to elite lines and is fixed in BC2-derived lines. During backcrossing, up to 6 major domestication or adaptation genes from the elite parents are reselected and made homozygous in BC2S0 : 1 family rows. Each plant in the BC2S0 : 1 contains on average 12.5% donor alleles, with >95% probability that a particular donor allele is homozygous in at least one fully domesticated plant in the BC2S0 : 1 population. Plants in these rows or subsequent field trials are selected for valuable quantitative traits, and crossed into elite germplasm to commence Phase 2. Phase 1 is rapid and relatively low cost, and provides a continuous flow of novel genetic diversity into the elite breeding pool.

Additional keywords: pre-breeding, introgression, wild relatives, domestication genes, base-broadening, crop gene pools.


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