Ionic Liquids for Lignin Processing: Dissolution, Isolation, and Conversion

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Contents Vol 65(11)

doi:10.1071/CH12324

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Chemical Institute

Ionic Liquids for Lignin Processing: Dissolution, Isolation, and Conversion

Md. Mokarrom Hossain ^A and Leigh Aldous ^A ^B

^A School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
^B Corresponding author. Email: l.aldous@unsw.edu.au

Australian Journal of Chemistry 65(11) 1465-1477 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/CH12324
Submitted: 8 July 2012 Accepted: 31 July 2012 Published: 17 September 2012





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Abstract

We present a review on the multifunctional use of ionic liquids with respect to lignin processing. In a biorefinery context, lignocellulosics could be used to provide sustainable sources of fuels such as bioethanol, and feedstock molecules for the chemical industry such as phenols and other aromatics. However, separation of lignin from cellulose and hemicellulose is a vital step. Ionic liquids can dissolve extensive quantities of biomass, and even be designed to be multifunctional solvents. We highlight the use of ionic liquids in selectively or non-selectively dissolving lignin, the depolymerization reactions that have been attempted on lignin in ionic liquids, and the effect ionic liquids have been observed to have on such processes. Finally, we present some of the challenges and issues that must be addressed before the informed and large-scale application of ionic liquids can be realized for lignin processing.

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