Register      Login
Australian Journal of Primary Health Australian Journal of Primary Health Society
The issues influencing community health services and primary health care
RESEARCH ARTICLE

‘Adolescence is difficult, some kids are difficult’: general practitioner perceptions of working with young people

Carmen Jarrett A C , Ann Dadich B , Fiona Robards A and David Bennett A
+ Author Affiliations
- Author Affiliations

A NSW Centre for the Advancement of Adolescent Health, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia.

B Centre for Industry and Innovation Studies Research Group, University of Western Sydney, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, NSW 1797, Australia.

C Corresponding author. Email: carmenj@chw.edu.au

Australian Journal of Primary Health 17(1) 54-59 https://doi.org/10.1071/PY10032
Submitted: 26 July 2010  Accepted: 30 November 2010   Published: 16 March 2011

Abstract

General practitioners (GPs) are the health care providers from which young people are most likely to seek help. However, the rate at which young people access GPs is less than ideal. Four focus groups were conducted with groups of GPs in New South Wales to inform the development of a GP training program on youth health. Analysis of the focus group interviews yielded three themes that describe the context in which GPs work with young people, how GPs see young people and their work with them, and GPs’ expressed training preferences. GPs described working with young people as difficult, which in turn suggests that the self-efficacy of GPs may need to be addressed in training and resource development. GPs also described systemic barriers to working with young people that can be addressed through training, advocacy and policy development.

Additional keywords: attitudes, capacity building, general practice, professional development, youth health.


References

Ammentorp J, Sabroed S, Kofoed P-E, Mainz J (2007) The effect of training in communication skills on medical doctors’ and nurses’ self-efficacy: a randomized controlled trial. Patient Education and Counseling 66, 270–277.
The effect of training in communication skills on medical doctors’ and nurses’ self-efficacy: a randomized controlled trial.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17337337PubMed |

Australian Bureau of Statistics (2005) ‘National health survey 2004–05.’ (Australian Bureau of Statistics: Canberra)

Australian Bureau of Statistics (2006) ‘Census of population and housing.’ (Australian Bureau of Statistics: Canberra)

Australian Bureau of Statistics (2008) ‘National survey of mental health and wellbeing: summary of results, 2007.’ (Australian Bureau of Statistics: Canberra)

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2007) ‘Young Australians: their health and well-being’. (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare: Canberra)

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (2008) ‘Making progress: the health, development and wellbeing of Australia’s children and young people.’ (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare: Canberra)

Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth (2008) ‘ARACY report card on the wellbeing of young Australians.’ (Australian Research Alliance for Children & Youth: West Perth)

Bandura A (1977) Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review 84, 191–215.
Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DyaE2s7kvFCisQ%3D%3D&md5=8fc19a27406f89e361057a4a9c3567baCAS | 847061PubMed |

Bandura A (1986) ‘Social foundations of thought and action: a social cognitive theory.’ (Prentice-Hall: Englewood Cliffs, NJ)

Bandura A (1997) ‘Self-efficacy: the exercise of control.’ (W.H. Freeman: New York)

Berg B (2001) ‘Qualitative research methods for the social sciences.’ 4th edn. (Allyn and Bacon: Needham Heights, MA)

Bernard D, Quine S, Kang M, Alperstein G, Usherwood T, Bennett D, Booth M (2004) Access to primary health care for Australian adolescents: How congruent are the perspectives of health service providers and young people, and does it matter? Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 28, 487–492.

Booth M, Bernard D, Quine S, Kang M, Usherwood T, Alperstein G, et al. (2002) ‘Access to health care among NSW adolescents: Phase 1.’ (NSW Health: Sydney)

Buckelew S, Adams S, Irwin C, Gee S, Ozer E (2008) Increasing clinician self-efficacy for screening and counseling adolescents for risky health behaviors: Results of an intervention. The Journal of Adolescent Health 43, 198–200.
Increasing clinician self-efficacy for screening and counseling adolescents for risky health behaviors: Results of an intervention.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 18639796PubMed |

Cabana M, Rand C, Powe N, Wu A, Wilson M, Abboud P, et al (1999) Why don’t physicians follow clinical practice guidelines? A framework for improvement. Journal of the American Medical Association 282, 1458–1465.
Why don’t physicians follow clinical practice guidelines? A framework for improvement.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c%2FgsVSqtw%3D%3D&md5=908338a5932b79bd97f133388097c480CAS | 10535437PubMed |

Centre for Epidemiology and Research (2008) ‘1997–2007 report on young adults from the New South Wales population health survey.’ (NSW Health: Sydney)

Creswell J (1998) ‘Qualitative inquiry and research design: choosing among five traditions.’ (Sage Publications: Thousand Oaks, CA)

Eco U (1992) ‘Interpretation and over-representation.’ (Cambridge: New York)

Fixsen D, Naoom S, Blase K, Friedman R, Wallace F (2005) ‘Implementation research: a synthesis of the literature.’ (University of South Florida, Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute, The National Implementation Research Network: Tampa, FL)

Folsom D, Jeste D (2002) Schizophrenia in homeless persons: a systematic review of the literature. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica 105, 404–413.
Schizophrenia in homeless persons: a systematic review of the literature.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD38zhslWhsw%3D%3D&md5=55ae8190fee672eb2e02582ea23cdbb9CAS |

Fröjd C, Von Essen L (2006) Is doctors’ ability to identify cancer patients’ worry and wish for information related to doctors’ self-efficacy with regard to communicating about difficult matters? European Journal of Cancer Care 15, 371–378.
Is doctors’ ability to identify cancer patients’ worry and wish for information related to doctors’ self-efficacy with regard to communicating about difficult matters?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Gist M, Mitchell T (1992) Self-efficacy: a theoretical analysis of its determinants and malleability. Academy of Management Review 17, 183–211.
Self-efficacy: a theoretical analysis of its determinants and malleability.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar |

Hordacre A, Howard S, Moretti C, Kalucy E (2007) ‘Making a difference: Report of the 2005–2006 annual survey of Divisions of General Practice.’ (Primary Health Care Research & Information Service, Department of General Practice, Flinders University, and Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing: Adelaide)

Kalist D, Molinari N-A (2006) The effects of mental illness on schooling. Paper presented at the Economics of Population Health: Inaugural Conference of the American Society of Health Economists, Madison, WI. Available at http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p93332_index.html [Verified 5 January 2011]

Kang M, Bernard D, Booth M, Quine S, Alperstein G, Usherwood T, et al (2003) Access to primary health care for Australian young people: service provider perspectives. The British Journal of General Practice 53, 947–957.

Krupa T, Kirsh B, Cockburn L, Gewurtz R (2009) Understanding the stigma of mental illness in employment. Work 33, 413–425.

NSW Centre for the Advancement of Adolescent Health (2008) ‘GP strategy: advancing adolescent health through general practice.’ (NSW Centre for the Advancement of Adolescent Health: Westmead)

Ozer E, Adams S, Rieder Gardner L, Mailloux D, Wibbelsman C, Irwin C (2004) Provider self-efficacy and the screening of adolescents for risky health behaviors. The Journal of Adolescent Health 35, 101–107.

Pomerantz A, Fehr B (1997) Conversation analysis: an approach to the study of social action as sense making practices. In ‘Discourse as social interaction’. (Ed. T Van Dijk) pp. 64–91. (Sage Publications: London)

Sanci L, Coffey C, Veit F, Carr-Gregg M, Patton G, Day N, et al (2000) Evaluation of the effectiveness of education intervention for GPs in adolescent health care: randomised controlled study. British Medical Journal 320, 224–230.
Evaluation of the effectiveness of education intervention for GPs in adolescent health care: randomised controlled study.Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3c7gvVKrtg%3D%3D&md5=5d79c119f70d49dece6bab64cae1ebb2CAS | 10642233PubMed |

Smart D, Sanson A (2005) What is life like for young Australians and how well are they faring? Family Matters 70, 46–53.

Trochim W, Donnelly J (2006) ‘Research methods knowledge base.’ 3rd edn. (Atomic Dog Publishing: Mason, OH)

Tylee A, Haller D, Graham T, Churchill R, Sanci L (2007) Youth-friendly primary-care services: How are we doing and what more needs to be done? Lancet 369, 1565–1573.
Youth-friendly primary-care services: How are we doing and what more needs to be done?Crossref | GoogleScholarGoogle Scholar | 17482988PubMed |