Schizochytrium limacinum SR-21 as a source of docosahexaenoic acid: optimal growth and use as a dietary supplement for laying hens
H. J. Chin A , T. F. Shen A , H. P. Su A and S. T. Ding A B CA Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
B 50, Lane 155, Kee-Long Rd, Sec 3, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
C Corresponding author. Email: sding@ntu.edu.tw
Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 57(1) 13-20 https://doi.org/10.1071/AR05099
Submitted: 19 March 2005 Accepted: 7 September 2005 Published: 30 January 2006
Abstract
Culture conditions for the marine fungus Schizochytrium limacinum SR-21 (SR-21) to produce microbial docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were evaluated, and the practicality of using this fungus product as a dietary supplement for laying Leghorn hens was investigated. The data showed that the cultured fungus produced high biomass and DHA. It generated 584 mg DHA/L of culture at the end of a 6-day culture. The fungus grew better at 25ºC than at 20ºC or 30ºC. With an increase in glucose concentration from 1% to 5% in the culture medium, biomass and DHA production were enhanced. A 6% glucose treatment reduced the biomass production compared with 5% glucose. A bioreactor was used to mass-produce SR-21. The biomass was increased from 1.12 g/L at Day 0 to 12 g/L at Day 4. We established optimal culture conditions of 5% glucose, 2% sea salt, and 1% yeast extract for SR-21. Three concentrations of dried fungal meal (0, 1, or 3% in the diet) were fed to birds over a 3-week period. There were no negative effects of 1 and 3% dietary SR-21 on egg production, egg weight, and egg yolk weight. The DHA content of yolk was increased by the dietary supplementation with the fungal meal both in the 1 and 3% treatments. Dietary fungal meal treatments increased the DHA concentrations of liver and plasma. However, dietary DHA enrichment had no effect on the expression of hepatic lipogenic genes in laying hens.
Additional keywords: laying Leghorn hens, lipid metabolism.
Acknowledgments
This work was funded by the Council of Agriculture in Taiwan [Grant number 93AS-3.1.4-U1 (7)]. We thank Y. T. Kao for her technical assistance and Harry Mersmann for his input in enhancing this publication.
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